PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route
Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.
7 curated steps/modules
Phenylalanine Donor Branch
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation
Product
4-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
4-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor
Product
4-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.
Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation
04
Substrate
L-Tyrosine
C9H11NO3
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate
Product
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate
C9H8O4
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-C(=O)-COOH
TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.
05
Substrate
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate
C9H8O4
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-C(=O)-COOH
Reduction to the HPLA acceptor
Product
4-Hydroxyphenyllactate
C9H10O4
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-CH(OH)-COOH
HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.
06
Substrate
4-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
4-Hydroxyphenyllactate
C9H10O4
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-CH(OH)-COOH
Ester-forming condensation
Product
4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate
C18H16O7
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH2-Ar-OH
RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.
07
Substrate
4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate
C18H16O7
mono-catechol ester precursor
CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support
Product
Rosmarinic acid
C18H16O8
caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate
CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
Current lineage filter: Lycophytes/Ferns. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Lineage Summary
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_70038460.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_70038460.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_7540040410.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_7540040410.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_8170042170.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_8170042170.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_8260042400.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_8260042400.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_970044950.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_contig_970044950.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_100059440.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_100059440.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_10047300.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_10047300.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_10047330.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_10047330.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1010066570.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1010066570.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1010066590.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1010066590.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1070072110.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1070072110.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1070072130.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1070072130.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1070072260.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1070072260.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_110075420.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_110075420.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_110077610.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_110077610.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_110081010.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_110081010.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1130084360.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1130084360.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1140084720.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1140084720.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_120090120.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_120090120.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_120090850.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_120090850.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1210095380.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1210095380.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1290099580.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1290099580.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_130099710.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_130099710.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1310104900.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1310104900.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1320105470.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1320105470.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_140110770.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_140110770.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1590124690.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_1590124690.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_160126430.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_160126430.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_160127210.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_160127210.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_160127310.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_160127310.1