PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
arabis_nemorensis_VVA95638.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA95638.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA96636.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA96636.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA97926.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA97926.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA98357.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA98357.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA98531.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA98531.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA98899.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA98899.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA98900.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA98900.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA99107.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA99107.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA99213.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA99213.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA99415.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA99415.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVA99652.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVA99652.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB00542.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB00542.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB00607.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB00607.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB01232.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB01232.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB01576.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB01576.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB03202.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB03202.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB03592.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB03592.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB05017.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB05017.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB05018.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB05018.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB06104.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB06104.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB07847.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB07847.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB11527.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB11527.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB12496.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB12496.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB13609.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB13609.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB14733.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB14733.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB15253.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB15253.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB16556.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB16556.1
arabis_nemorensis_VVB17869.1 arabis_nemorensis arabis_nemorensis_VVB17869.1
Adur01G0002880 arachis_duranensis Adur01G0002880
Adur01G0007330 arachis_duranensis Adur01G0007330