PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g29506 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g29506
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g29507 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g29507
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g32900 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g32900
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g34528 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g34528
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g53697 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g53697
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g54255 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g54255
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g54257 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g54257
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g54377 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g54377
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g55578 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g55578
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g55653 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch02g55653
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch03g05161 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch03g05161
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g21034 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g21034
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g21852 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g21852
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g21876 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g21876
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g21907 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g21907
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g22697 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g22697
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g22981 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g22981
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g23875 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g23875
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g23876 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g23876
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g24458 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g24458
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g25111 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g25111
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g26165 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g26165
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g26167 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g26167
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g26580 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g26580
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g06443 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g06443
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g07839 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g07839
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g08717 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g08717
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g08762 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g08762
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g10967 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g10967
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g11588 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch05g11588