PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
AaraAA_C1925190053420 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_C1925190053420
AaraAA_scaffold10830060740 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold10830060740
AaraAA_scaffold10830060750 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold10830060750
AaraAA_scaffold10830060760 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold10830060760
AaraAA_scaffold17480095420 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold17480095420
AaraAA_scaffold17480096180 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold17480096180
AaraAA_scaffold18430100580 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold18430100580
AaraAA_scaffold18430101860 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold18430101860
AaraAA_scaffold20740113490 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold20740113490
AaraAA_scaffold21940117690 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold21940117690
AaraAA_scaffold2290122510 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold2290122510
AaraAA_scaffold22980123980 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold22980123980
AaraAA_scaffold23910128710 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold23910128710
AaraAA_scaffold23980129800 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold23980129800
AaraAA_scaffold25350140310 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold25350140310
AaraAA_scaffold27180146700 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold27180146700
AaraAA_scaffold32260165440 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold32260165440
AaraAA_scaffold33980173310 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold33980173310
AaraAA_scaffold33980173320 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold33980173320
AaraAA_scaffold33980173330 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold33980173330
AaraAA_scaffold33980173340 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold33980173340
AaraAA_scaffold33980173350 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold33980173350
AaraAA_scaffold33980173390 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold33980173390
AaraAA_scaffold33980173950 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold33980173950
AaraAA_scaffold3860200000 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold3860200000
AaraAA_scaffold39290201590 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold39290201590
AaraAA_scaffold41400211810 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold41400211810
AaraAA_scaffold45120229220 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold45120229220
AaraAA_scaffold45380231820 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold45380231820
AaraAA_scaffold47130238170 aethionema_arabicum AaraAA_scaffold47130238170