PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
C4H

C4H

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family C4H.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 759 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 464 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Rosmarinic acid pathway 48992 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Atau2DG0000270.4 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000270.4
Atau2DG0000270.5 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000270.5
Atau2DG0000270.6 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000270.6
Atau2DG0000270.7 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000270.7
Atau2DG0000270.8 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000270.8
Atau2DG0000270.9 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000270.9
Atau2DG0000480.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000480.1
Atau2DG0000480.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000480.3
Atau2DG0000480.4 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000480.4
Atau2DG0000480.6 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000480.6
Atau2DG0000490.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000490.1
Atau2DG0000540.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000540.1
Atau2DG0000540.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000540.2
Atau2DG0000540.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000540.3
Atau2DG0000610.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000610.1
Atau2DG0000640.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000640.1
Atau2DG0000640.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000640.2
Atau2DG0000640.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000640.3
Atau2DG0000640.4 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000640.4
Atau2DG0000660.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000660.1
Atau2DG0000660.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000660.2
Atau2DG0000660.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000660.3
Atau2DG0000660.4 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000660.4
Atau2DG0000670.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000670.1
Atau2DG0000730.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000730.1
Atau2DG0000730.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000730.2
Atau2DG0000750.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000750.1
Atau2DG0000750.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000750.2
Atau2DG0000770.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000770.1
Atau2DG0000830.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0000830.1