PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
C4H

C4H

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family C4H.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 759 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 464 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Rosmarinic acid pathway 48992 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Atau2DG0001500.11 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.11
Atau2DG0001500.12 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.12
Atau2DG0001500.13 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.13
Atau2DG0001500.14 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.14
Atau2DG0001500.15 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.15
Atau2DG0001500.16 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.16
Atau2DG0001500.17 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.17
Atau2DG0001500.18 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.18
Atau2DG0001500.19 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.19
Atau2DG0001500.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.2
Atau2DG0001500.20 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.20
Atau2DG0001500.21 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.21
Atau2DG0001500.22 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.22
Atau2DG0001500.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.3
Atau2DG0001500.4 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.4
Atau2DG0001500.5 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.5
Atau2DG0001500.6 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.6
Atau2DG0001500.7 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.7
Atau2DG0001500.8 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.8
Atau2DG0001500.9 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001500.9
Atau2DG0001520.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.1
Atau2DG0001520.10 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.10
Atau2DG0001520.11 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.11
Atau2DG0001520.12 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.12
Atau2DG0001520.13 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.13
Atau2DG0001520.14 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.14
Atau2DG0001520.15 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.15
Atau2DG0001520.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.2
Atau2DG0001520.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.3
Atau2DG0001520.4 aegilops_tauschii Atau2DG0001520.4