PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
C4H

C4H

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family C4H.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 759 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 464 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Rosmarinic acid pathway 48992 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Atau3DG0009580.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0009580.1
Atau3DG0010800.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0010800.2
Atau3DG0010800.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0010800.3
Atau3DG0010800.4 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0010800.4
Atau3DG0010800.5 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0010800.5
Atau3DG0010800.6 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0010800.6
Atau3DG0010800.7 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0010800.7
Atau3DG0010800.8 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0010800.8
Atau3DG0010800.9 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0010800.9
Atau3DG0012170.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012170.1
Atau3DG0012190.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012190.1
Atau3DG0012190.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012190.2
Atau3DG0012250.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012250.1
Atau3DG0012250.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012250.2
Atau3DG0012250.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012250.3
Atau3DG0012470.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012470.1
Atau3DG0012470.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012470.2
Atau3DG0012470.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0012470.3
Atau3DG0013490.13 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0013490.13
Atau3DG0013490.14 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0013490.14
Atau3DG0013490.16 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0013490.16
Atau3DG0013490.17 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0013490.17
Atau3DG0013490.18 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0013490.18
Atau3DG0013490.20 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0013490.20
Atau3DG0013490.21 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0013490.21
Atau3DG0013490.23 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0013490.23
Atau3DG0014410.1 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0014410.1
Atau3DG0014410.2 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0014410.2
Atau3DG0014410.3 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0014410.3
Atau3DG0014410.4 aegilops_tauschii Atau3DG0014410.4