PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
C4H

C4H

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family C4H.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 759 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 464 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Rosmarinic acid pathway 48992 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Acyan02G0147100.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0147100.1
Acyan02G0147400.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0147400.1
Acyan02G0147600.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0147600.1
Acyan02G0148000.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0148000.1
Acyan02G0210400.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0210400.1
Acyan02G0211200.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0211200.1
Acyan02G0224000.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0224000.1
Acyan02G0224600.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0224600.1
Acyan02G0225200.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0225200.1
Acyan02G0225400.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0225400.1
Acyan02G0225500.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0225500.1
Acyan02G0226000.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0226000.1
Acyan02G0255600.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0255600.1
Acyan02G0255800.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0255800.1
Acyan02G0255900.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0255900.1
Acyan02G0278500.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0278500.1
Acyan02G0278700.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0278700.1
Acyan02G0278800.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0278800.1
Acyan02G0278900.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0278900.1
Acyan02G0279000.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0279000.1
Acyan02G0279200.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0279200.1
Acyan02G0279300.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0279300.1
Acyan02G0279400.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0279400.1
Acyan02G0279500.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0279500.1
Acyan02G0279600.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0279600.1
Acyan02G0279700.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0279700.1
Acyan02G0283100.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0283100.1
Acyan02G0283300.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0283300.1
Acyan02G0283500.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0283500.1
Acyan02G0283900.1 acer_yangbiense Acyan02G0283900.1