PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Hjapcontig_1380058870 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_1380058870
Hjapcontig_1770069650 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_1770069650
Hjapcontig_2460096070 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_2460096070
Hjapcontig_7630265280 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_7630265280
Hjapcontig_7630265380 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_7630265380
Hjapcontig_7630265390 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_7630265390
Hjapcontig_7870274740 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_7870274740
Hjapcontig_7870274770 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_7870274770
Hjapcontig_7870274800 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_7870274800
Hjapcontig_9490338210 hypopterygium_japonicum Hjapcontig_9490338210
ilex_asprella_Ilex_006039-T1 ilex_asprella ilex_asprella_Ilex_006039-T1
ilex_asprella_Ilex_014816-T1 ilex_asprella ilex_asprella_Ilex_014816-T1
ilex_asprella_Ilex_030935-T1 ilex_asprella ilex_asprella_Ilex_030935-T1
ilex_asprella_Ilex_036882-T1 ilex_asprella ilex_asprella_Ilex_036882-T1
ilex_asprella_Ilex_039028-T1 ilex_asprella ilex_asprella_Ilex_039028-T1
ilex_asprella_Ilex_042231-T1 ilex_asprella ilex_asprella_Ilex_042231-T1
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST000660 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST000660
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST003799 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST003799
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST005192 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST005192
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST005241 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST005241
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST022118 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST022118
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST027750 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST027750
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST029499 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST029499
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST032920 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST032920
ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST032923 ilex_latifolia ilex_latifolia_GWHPBIST032923
iochroma_cyaneum_IC05g035280.1 iochroma_cyaneum iochroma_cyaneum_IC05g035280.1
iochroma_cyaneum_IC10g015980.1 iochroma_cyaneum iochroma_cyaneum_IC10g015980.1
iochroma_cyaneum_scaffold20703s005550.1 iochroma_cyaneum iochroma_cyaneum_scaffold20703s005550.1
iochroma_cyaneum_scaffold20703s005560.1 iochroma_cyaneum iochroma_cyaneum_scaffold20703s005560.1
iochroma_cyaneum_scaffold20704s005010.1 iochroma_cyaneum iochroma_cyaneum_scaffold20704s005010.1