PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0013389.1 artocarpus_nanchuanensis artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0013389.1
artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0014675.1 artocarpus_nanchuanensis artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0014675.1
artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0019892.1 artocarpus_nanchuanensis artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0019892.1
artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0036763.1 artocarpus_nanchuanensis artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0036763.1
artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0038666.1 artocarpus_nanchuanensis artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0038666.1
artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0041370.1 artocarpus_nanchuanensis artocarpus_nanchuanensis_EVM0041370.1
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g29055 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch01g29055
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g20285 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch04g20285
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch07g38663 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch07g38663
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch07g42537 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch07g42537
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch07g45865 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch07g45865
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch08g15083 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch08g15083
asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch10g49989 asparagus_kiusianus asparagus_kiusianus_K1p1ch10g49989
Aoff01G0007880.1 asparagus_officinalis Aoff01G0007880.1
Aoff04G0000640.1 asparagus_officinalis Aoff04G0000640.1
Aoff04G0000840.1 asparagus_officinalis Aoff04G0000840.1
Aoff04G0028560.1 asparagus_officinalis Aoff04G0028560.1
Aoff07G0018560.1 asparagus_officinalis Aoff07G0018560.1
Aoff07G0018570.1 asparagus_officinalis Aoff07G0018570.1
Aoff10G0016890.1 asparagus_officinalis Aoff10G0016890.1
Aset01G0035020.1 asparagus_setaceus Aset01G0035020.1
Aset01G0035030.1 asparagus_setaceus Aset01G0035030.1
Aset02G0018760.1 asparagus_setaceus Aset02G0018760.1
Aset03G0027660.1 asparagus_setaceus Aset03G0027660.1
Aset04G0009350.1 asparagus_setaceus Aset04G0009350.1
Aset07G0017920.1 asparagus_setaceus Aset07G0017920.1
Aset08G0013120.1 asparagus_setaceus Aset08G0013120.1
Aset08G0013130.1 asparagus_setaceus Aset08G0013130.1
Abu6g_018470.1 atalantia_buxifolia Abu6g_018470.1
Abu6g_018480.1 atalantia_buxifolia Abu6g_018480.1