PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Flavonoid portable pathway

Flavonoid portable pathway

Category：Flavonoid pathway

Flavonoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Flavonoid Reaction Route
Phenylpropanoid entry, flavonoid scaffold, and anthocyanin branches. The flavonoid pathway is branched; this view arranges the main scaffold and common branches into a readable representative route without forcing all branches into one linear pathway.
9 curated steps/modules
From Phenylpropanoid Entry To Flavonoid Scaffold
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to the cinnamate entry point
PAL191
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits L-phenylalanine to the phenylpropanoid entry route that supplies the flavonoid acyl donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of cinnamate
C4H160
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A hydroxylates cinnamate to p-coumarate, a required phenylpropanoid step toward the flavonoid donor.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the flavonoid acyl donor
4CL765
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL activates p-coumarate to p-coumaroyl-CoA for CHS-mediated flavonoid scaffold formation.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
Malonyl-CoA
C24H38N7O19P3S
HOOC-CH2-C(=O)-SCoA
Condensation of the C6-C3-C6 scaffold
CHS187
Product
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
CHS condenses one p-coumaroyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA units to form a chalcone scaffold.
05
Substrate
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
Chalcone cyclization
CHI350
Product
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
CHI converts the open-chain chalcone into the flavanone core.
06
Substrate
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
C-ring 3-hydroxylation to dihydroflavonols
F3H381
Product
Dihydrokaempferol
C15H12O6
dihydroflavonol C-ring
F3H is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that converts flavanones into the dihydroflavonol pool.
07
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15H12O5-6
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
B-ring hydroxylation shapes flavonoid hydroxylation patterns
F3'H/CYP75B285 F3'5'H/CYP75A42
Product
B-ring hydroxylated flavonoid intermediates
C15H12O6-7
3'/3'5'-hydroxylated flavonoids
CYP75B/F3'H and CYP75A/F3'5'H alter B-ring hydroxylation and generate precursors for quercetin- and myricetin-type branches.
Flavone, Anthocyanin, And Proanthocyanidin Branches
08
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15 flavonoids
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
Flavone, isoflavonoid, and flavonol branches
FNS13 IFS1 IFR245 FLS
Product
Flavones/isoflavones/flavonols
C15H10O5-7
oxidized C6-C3-C6 flavonoids
Branch enzymes route shared intermediates into distinct flavonoid subclasses.
09
Substrate
Dihydroflavonols
C15H12O6-7
dihydroflavonol C-ring
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin direction
DFR110 ANS/LDOX204 UFGT1714 ANR17
Product
Anthocyanin glycosides/proanthocyanidins
C15 glycosides/polymers
flavylium-glycoside / flavan-3-ol polymer
DFR/ANS/UFGT/ANR route the dihydroflavonol pool toward pigments and condensed tannins.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Basal angiosperms (4665)
Current lineage filter: Basal angiosperms. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits0
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits4665
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Brasenia schreberi
Annona cherimola
Cinnamomum kanehirae
Amborella trichopoda
Chloranthus sessilifolius
Cinnamomum camphora
Liriodendron chinense
Aristolochia contorta
Piper nigrum
Piper longum
Lineage Summary
Basal angiosperms
4665
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000450124510.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000450124510.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000470129860.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000470129860.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000490133330.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000490133330.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000490134450.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000490134450.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000550142280.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000550142280.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000580148440.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000580148440.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000610156100.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000610156100.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000660165240.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000660165240.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000660166910.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000660166910.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000660166920.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000660166920.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000710175530.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000710175530.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000710176910.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000710176910.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000710176950.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000710176950.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000710176960.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000710176960.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000720178060.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000720178060.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000730178700.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000730178700.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000780185380.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000780185380.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000790186590.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000790186590.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000790187250.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000790187250.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880194970.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880194970.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880195110.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880195110.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880195120.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880195120.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880195130.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880195130.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880195140.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000880195140.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000960203060.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000960203060.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000990205420.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold000990205420.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold001000206390.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold001000206390.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold001020208130.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold001020208130.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold001020208200.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold001020208200.1
AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold001050211260.1 amborella_trichopoda AtriAmTr_v1.0_scaffold001050211260.1