PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Flavonoid portable pathway

Flavonoid portable pathway

Category：Flavonoid pathway

Flavonoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Flavonoid Reaction Route
Phenylpropanoid entry, flavonoid scaffold, and anthocyanin branches. The flavonoid pathway is branched; this view arranges the main scaffold and common branches into a readable representative route without forcing all branches into one linear pathway.
9 curated steps/modules
From Phenylpropanoid Entry To Flavonoid Scaffold
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to the cinnamate entry point
PAL104
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits L-phenylalanine to the phenylpropanoid entry route that supplies the flavonoid acyl donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of cinnamate
C4H2
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A hydroxylates cinnamate to p-coumarate, a required phenylpropanoid step toward the flavonoid donor.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the flavonoid acyl donor
4CL308
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL activates p-coumarate to p-coumaroyl-CoA for CHS-mediated flavonoid scaffold formation.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
Malonyl-CoA
C24H38N7O19P3S
HOOC-CH2-C(=O)-SCoA
Condensation of the C6-C3-C6 scaffold
CHS55
Product
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
CHS condenses one p-coumaroyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA units to form a chalcone scaffold.
05
Substrate
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
Chalcone cyclization
CHI56
Product
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
CHI converts the open-chain chalcone into the flavanone core.
06
Substrate
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
C-ring 3-hydroxylation to dihydroflavonols
F3H111
Product
Dihydrokaempferol
C15H12O6
dihydroflavonol C-ring
F3H is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that converts flavanones into the dihydroflavonol pool.
07
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15H12O5-6
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
B-ring hydroxylation shapes flavonoid hydroxylation patterns
F3'H/CYP75B169 F3'5'H/CYP75A11
Product
B-ring hydroxylated flavonoid intermediates
C15H12O6-7
3'/3'5'-hydroxylated flavonoids
CYP75B/F3'H and CYP75A/F3'5'H alter B-ring hydroxylation and generate precursors for quercetin- and myricetin-type branches.
Flavone, Anthocyanin, And Proanthocyanidin Branches
08
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15 flavonoids
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
Flavone, isoflavonoid, and flavonol branches
FNS1 IFS IFR50 FLS
Product
Flavones/isoflavones/flavonols
C15H10O5-7
oxidized C6-C3-C6 flavonoids
Branch enzymes route shared intermediates into distinct flavonoid subclasses.
09
Substrate
Dihydroflavonols
C15H12O6-7
dihydroflavonol C-ring
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin direction
DFR47 ANS/LDOX8 UFGT73 ANR4
Product
Anthocyanin glycosides/proanthocyanidins
C15 glycosides/polymers
flavylium-glycoside / flavan-3-ol polymer
DFR/ANS/UFGT/ANR route the dihydroflavonol pool toward pigments and condensed tannins.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (999)
Current lineage filter: Algae. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits999
Bryophytes
Hits0
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Chara braunii
Takakia lepidozioides
Botryococcus braunii
Ptychomnion cygnisetum
Chromochloris zofingiensis
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Dunaliella salina
Cyanophora paradoxa
Chlamydomonas schloesseri
Chlorokybus atmophyticus
Lineage Summary
Algae
999
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
TlepHiC_scaffold_20027560 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20027560
TlepHiC_scaffold_20030320 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20030320
TlepHiC_scaffold_20030590 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20030590
TlepHiC_scaffold_20035590 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20035590
TlepHiC_scaffold_20038800 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20038800
TlepHiC_scaffold_20038810 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20038810
TlepHiC_scaffold_20038840 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20038840
TlepHiC_scaffold_20039390 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20039390
TlepHiC_scaffold_20049540 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20049540
TlepHiC_scaffold_20049710 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20049710
TlepHiC_scaffold_20050830 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20050830
TlepHiC_scaffold_20050860 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20050860
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051300 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051300
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051310 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051310
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051370 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051370
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051380 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051380
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051430 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051430
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051550 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051550
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051760 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051760
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051770 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051770
TlepHiC_scaffold_20051980 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20051980
TlepHiC_scaffold_20053100 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20053100
TlepHiC_scaffold_20056920 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20056920
TlepHiC_scaffold_20057220 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20057220
TlepHiC_scaffold_20058370 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20058370
TlepHiC_scaffold_20061930 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20061930
TlepHiC_scaffold_20070360 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20070360
TlepHiC_scaffold_20071760 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20071760
TlepHiC_scaffold_20071790 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20071790
TlepHiC_scaffold_20073430 takakia_lepidozioides TlepHiC_scaffold_20073430