PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Flavonoid portable pathway

Flavonoid portable pathway

Category：Flavonoid pathway

Flavonoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Flavonoid Reaction Route
Phenylpropanoid entry, flavonoid scaffold, and anthocyanin branches. The flavonoid pathway is branched; this view arranges the main scaffold and common branches into a readable representative route without forcing all branches into one linear pathway.
9 curated steps/modules
From Phenylpropanoid Entry To Flavonoid Scaffold
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to the cinnamate entry point
PAL104
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits L-phenylalanine to the phenylpropanoid entry route that supplies the flavonoid acyl donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of cinnamate
C4H2
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A hydroxylates cinnamate to p-coumarate, a required phenylpropanoid step toward the flavonoid donor.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the flavonoid acyl donor
4CL308
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL activates p-coumarate to p-coumaroyl-CoA for CHS-mediated flavonoid scaffold formation.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
Malonyl-CoA
C24H38N7O19P3S
HOOC-CH2-C(=O)-SCoA
Condensation of the C6-C3-C6 scaffold
CHS55
Product
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
CHS condenses one p-coumaroyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA units to form a chalcone scaffold.
05
Substrate
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
Chalcone cyclization
CHI56
Product
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
CHI converts the open-chain chalcone into the flavanone core.
06
Substrate
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
C-ring 3-hydroxylation to dihydroflavonols
F3H111
Product
Dihydrokaempferol
C15H12O6
dihydroflavonol C-ring
F3H is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that converts flavanones into the dihydroflavonol pool.
07
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15H12O5-6
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
B-ring hydroxylation shapes flavonoid hydroxylation patterns
F3'H/CYP75B169 F3'5'H/CYP75A11
Product
B-ring hydroxylated flavonoid intermediates
C15H12O6-7
3'/3'5'-hydroxylated flavonoids
CYP75B/F3'H and CYP75A/F3'5'H alter B-ring hydroxylation and generate precursors for quercetin- and myricetin-type branches.
Flavone, Anthocyanin, And Proanthocyanidin Branches
08
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15 flavonoids
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
Flavone, isoflavonoid, and flavonol branches
FNS1 IFS IFR50 FLS
Product
Flavones/isoflavones/flavonols
C15H10O5-7
oxidized C6-C3-C6 flavonoids
Branch enzymes route shared intermediates into distinct flavonoid subclasses.
09
Substrate
Dihydroflavonols
C15H12O6-7
dihydroflavonol C-ring
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin direction
DFR47 ANS/LDOX8 UFGT73 ANR4
Product
Anthocyanin glycosides/proanthocyanidins
C15 glycosides/polymers
flavylium-glycoside / flavan-3-ol polymer
DFR/ANS/UFGT/ANR route the dihydroflavonol pool toward pigments and condensed tannins.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (999)
Current lineage filter: Algae. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits999
Bryophytes
Hits0
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Chara braunii
Takakia lepidozioides
Botryococcus braunii
Ptychomnion cygnisetum
Chromochloris zofingiensis
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Dunaliella salina
Cyanophora paradoxa
Chlamydomonas schloesseri
Chlorokybus atmophyticus
Lineage Summary
Algae
999
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Bathy14g03320 bathycoccus_prasinos Bathy14g03320
Bathy15g02570 bathycoccus_prasinos Bathy15g02570
Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.1
Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.2 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.2
Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.3 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.3
Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.4 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.4
Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.5 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.5
Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.6 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_110_20009780.6
Bbrascaffold_110_20010160.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_110_20010160.1
Bbrascaffold_1330023650.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_1330023650.1
Bbrascaffold_1380027160.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_1380027160.1
Bbrascaffold_145_10033450.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_145_10033450.1
Bbrascaffold_152_20041350.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_152_20041350.1
Bbrascaffold_1590045850.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_1590045850.1
Bbrascaffold_1590046330.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_1590046330.1
Bbrascaffold_1620050270.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_1620050270.1
Bbrascaffold_1690057350.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_1690057350.1
Bbrascaffold_2050083640.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_2050083640.1
Bbrascaffold_2140086680.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_2140086680.1
Bbrascaffold_2170088250.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_2170088250.1
Bbrascaffold_2520104510.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_2520104510.1
Bbrascaffold_2520104510.2 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_2520104510.2
Bbrascaffold_3080114930.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_3080114930.1
Bbrascaffold_3120115700.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_3120115700.1
Bbrascaffold_31_10117460.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_31_10117460.1
Bbrascaffold_3240119800.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_3240119800.1
Bbrascaffold_3250120290.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_3250120290.1
Bbrascaffold_341_20126820.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_341_20126820.1
Bbrascaffold_3800141880.1 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_3800141880.1
Bbrascaffold_3800141880.2 botryococcus_braunii Bbrascaffold_3800141880.2