PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Flavonoid portable pathway

Flavonoid portable pathway

Category：Flavonoid pathway

Flavonoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Flavonoid Reaction Route
Phenylpropanoid entry, flavonoid scaffold, and anthocyanin branches. The flavonoid pathway is branched; this view arranges the main scaffold and common branches into a readable representative route without forcing all branches into one linear pathway.
9 curated steps/modules
From Phenylpropanoid Entry To Flavonoid Scaffold
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to the cinnamate entry point
PAL139
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits L-phenylalanine to the phenylpropanoid entry route that supplies the flavonoid acyl donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of cinnamate
C4H39
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A hydroxylates cinnamate to p-coumarate, a required phenylpropanoid step toward the flavonoid donor.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the flavonoid acyl donor
4CL583
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL activates p-coumarate to p-coumaroyl-CoA for CHS-mediated flavonoid scaffold formation.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
Malonyl-CoA
C24H38N7O19P3S
HOOC-CH2-C(=O)-SCoA
Condensation of the C6-C3-C6 scaffold
CHS186
Product
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
CHS condenses one p-coumaroyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA units to form a chalcone scaffold.
05
Substrate
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
Chalcone cyclization
CHI177
Product
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
CHI converts the open-chain chalcone into the flavanone core.
06
Substrate
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
C-ring 3-hydroxylation to dihydroflavonols
F3H136
Product
Dihydrokaempferol
C15H12O6
dihydroflavonol C-ring
F3H is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that converts flavanones into the dihydroflavonol pool.
07
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15H12O5-6
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
B-ring hydroxylation shapes flavonoid hydroxylation patterns
F3'H/CYP75B87 F3'5'H/CYP75A29
Product
B-ring hydroxylated flavonoid intermediates
C15H12O6-7
3'/3'5'-hydroxylated flavonoids
CYP75B/F3'H and CYP75A/F3'5'H alter B-ring hydroxylation and generate precursors for quercetin- and myricetin-type branches.
Flavone, Anthocyanin, And Proanthocyanidin Branches
08
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15 flavonoids
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
Flavone, isoflavonoid, and flavonol branches
FNS8 IFS6 IFR299 FLS8
Product
Flavones/isoflavones/flavonols
C15H10O5-7
oxidized C6-C3-C6 flavonoids
Branch enzymes route shared intermediates into distinct flavonoid subclasses.
09
Substrate
Dihydroflavonols
C15H12O6-7
dihydroflavonol C-ring
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin direction
DFR35 ANS/LDOX149 UFGT1027 ANR27
Product
Anthocyanin glycosides/proanthocyanidins
C15 glycosides/polymers
flavylium-glycoside / flavan-3-ol polymer
DFR/ANS/UFGT/ANR route the dihydroflavonol pool toward pigments and condensed tannins.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Gymnosperms (2935)
Current lineage filter: Gymnosperms. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits0
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits2935
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Pinus taeda
Abies alba
Ginkgo biloba
Gnetum montanum
Taxus chinensis
Welwitschia mirabilis
Lineage Summary
Gymnosperms
2935
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
GmonSuper-Scaffold_486:::fragment_30008630 gnetum_montanum GmonSuper-Scaffold_486:::fragment_30008630
GmonSuper-Scaffold_933:::fragment_10010780 gnetum_montanum GmonSuper-Scaffold_933:::fragment_10010780
GmonSuper-Scaffold_93:::fragment_30010920 gnetum_montanum GmonSuper-Scaffold_93:::fragment_30010920
GmonSuper-Scaffold_93:::fragment_30010930 gnetum_montanum GmonSuper-Scaffold_93:::fragment_30010930
GmonSuper-Scaffold_93:::fragment_4:::debris0010980 gnetum_montanum GmonSuper-Scaffold_93:::fragment_4:::debris0010980
GmonfragScaff_scaffold_15380011560 gnetum_montanum GmonfragScaff_scaffold_15380011560
GmonfragScaff_scaffold_3231_obj0013150 gnetum_montanum GmonfragScaff_scaffold_3231_obj0013150
GmonfragScaff_scaffold_37790013570 gnetum_montanum GmonfragScaff_scaffold_37790013570
GmonfragScaff_scaffold_37790013580 gnetum_montanum GmonfragScaff_scaffold_37790013580
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_1019720015420 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_1019720015420
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_1025150015470 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_1025150015470
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_1139690016800 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_1139690016800
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_1219350017780 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_1219350017780
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_314550020270 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_314550020270
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_39341_obj0021100 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_39341_obj0021100
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_651640024180 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_651640024180
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_653390024220 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_653390024220
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_675710024420 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_675710024420
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_675710024430 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_675710024430
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_827900026390 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_827900026390
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_836200026550 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_836200026550
Gmonoriginal_scaffold_929060027760 gnetum_montanum Gmonoriginal_scaffold_929060027760
1A_I11_NT_comp49445_c0_seq3|m.4479.mrna1 pinus_taeda 1A_I11_NT_comp49445_c0_seq3|m.4479.mrna1
1A_all_VO_L_10279_T_6/7|m.2355.mrna1 pinus_taeda 1A_all_VO_L_10279_T_6/7|m.2355.mrna1
1A_all_VO_L_10621_T_8/20|m.2398.mrna1 pinus_taeda 1A_all_VO_L_10621_T_8/20|m.2398.mrna1
1A_all_VO_L_5517_T_887/930|m.2020.mrna1 pinus_taeda 1A_all_VO_L_5517_T_887/930|m.2020.mrna1
2A_I4_VO_L_831_T_41/65|m.26747.mrna1 pinus_taeda 2A_I4_VO_L_831_T_41/65|m.26747.mrna1
3A_I19_VO_L_1_T_135982/241978|m.34819.mrna1 pinus_taeda 3A_I19_VO_L_1_T_135982/241978|m.34819.mrna1
5A_I16_VO_L_3074_T_89/89|m.49426.mrna2 pinus_taeda 5A_I16_VO_L_3074_T_89/89|m.49426.mrna2
5A_I16_VO_L_4_T_65838/214906|m.48071.mrna1 pinus_taeda 5A_I16_VO_L_4_T_65838/214906|m.48071.mrna1