PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Flavonoid portable pathway

Flavonoid portable pathway

Category：Flavonoid pathway

Flavonoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Flavonoid Reaction Route
Phenylpropanoid entry, flavonoid scaffold, and anthocyanin branches. The flavonoid pathway is branched; this view arranges the main scaffold and common branches into a readable representative route without forcing all branches into one linear pathway.
9 curated steps/modules
From Phenylpropanoid Entry To Flavonoid Scaffold
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to the cinnamate entry point
PAL139
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits L-phenylalanine to the phenylpropanoid entry route that supplies the flavonoid acyl donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of cinnamate
C4H39
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A hydroxylates cinnamate to p-coumarate, a required phenylpropanoid step toward the flavonoid donor.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the flavonoid acyl donor
4CL583
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL activates p-coumarate to p-coumaroyl-CoA for CHS-mediated flavonoid scaffold formation.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
Malonyl-CoA
C24H38N7O19P3S
HOOC-CH2-C(=O)-SCoA
Condensation of the C6-C3-C6 scaffold
CHS186
Product
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
CHS condenses one p-coumaroyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA units to form a chalcone scaffold.
05
Substrate
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
Chalcone cyclization
CHI177
Product
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
CHI converts the open-chain chalcone into the flavanone core.
06
Substrate
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
C-ring 3-hydroxylation to dihydroflavonols
F3H136
Product
Dihydrokaempferol
C15H12O6
dihydroflavonol C-ring
F3H is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that converts flavanones into the dihydroflavonol pool.
07
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15H12O5-6
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
B-ring hydroxylation shapes flavonoid hydroxylation patterns
F3'H/CYP75B87 F3'5'H/CYP75A29
Product
B-ring hydroxylated flavonoid intermediates
C15H12O6-7
3'/3'5'-hydroxylated flavonoids
CYP75B/F3'H and CYP75A/F3'5'H alter B-ring hydroxylation and generate precursors for quercetin- and myricetin-type branches.
Flavone, Anthocyanin, And Proanthocyanidin Branches
08
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15 flavonoids
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
Flavone, isoflavonoid, and flavonol branches
FNS8 IFS6 IFR299 FLS8
Product
Flavones/isoflavones/flavonols
C15H10O5-7
oxidized C6-C3-C6 flavonoids
Branch enzymes route shared intermediates into distinct flavonoid subclasses.
09
Substrate
Dihydroflavonols
C15H12O6-7
dihydroflavonol C-ring
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin direction
DFR35 ANS/LDOX149 UFGT1027 ANR27
Product
Anthocyanin glycosides/proanthocyanidins
C15 glycosides/polymers
flavylium-glycoside / flavan-3-ol polymer
DFR/ANS/UFGT/ANR route the dihydroflavonol pool toward pigments and condensed tannins.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Gymnosperms (2935)
Current lineage filter: Gymnosperms. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits0
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits2935
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Pinus taeda
Abies alba
Ginkgo biloba
Gnetum montanum
Taxus chinensis
Welwitschia mirabilis
Lineage Summary
Gymnosperms
2935
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Aalbaalba5_s000154200098680.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000154200098680.1
Aalbaalba5_s000167530105680.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000167530105680.1
Aalbaalba5_s000185910115110.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000185910115110.1
Aalbaalba5_s000191720118250.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000191720118250.1
Aalbaalba5_s000201820122950.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000201820122950.1
Aalbaalba5_s000207800125740.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000207800125740.1
Aalbaalba5_s000219070130460.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000219070130460.1
Aalbaalba5_s000219070130460.3 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000219070130460.3
Aalbaalba5_s000225320133410.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000225320133410.1
Aalbaalba5_s000230070135630.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000230070135630.1
Aalbaalba5_s000233340137170.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000233340137170.1
Aalbaalba5_s000236220138220.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000236220138220.1
Aalbaalba5_s000236220138230.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000236220138230.1
Aalbaalba5_s000238510139280.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000238510139280.1
Aalbaalba5_s000241540140750.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000241540140750.1
Aalbaalba5_s000241540140750.2 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000241540140750.2
Aalbaalba5_s000247560143740.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000247560143740.1
Aalbaalba5_s000254130146680.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000254130146680.1
Aalbaalba5_s000267920152560.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000267920152560.1
Aalbaalba5_s000290050161980.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000290050161980.1
Aalbaalba5_s000291190162450.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000291190162450.1
Aalbaalba5_s000291390162510.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000291390162510.1
Aalbaalba5_s000297330165020.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000297330165020.1
Aalbaalba5_s000309410170340.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000309410170340.1
Aalbaalba5_s000315200172980.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000315200172980.1
Aalbaalba5_s000347830186940.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000347830186940.1
Aalbaalba5_s000354850189780.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000354850189780.1
Aalbaalba5_s000361250192380.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000361250192380.1
Aalbaalba5_s000384550202830.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000384550202830.1
Aalbaalba5_s000386960203930.1 abies_alba Aalbaalba5_s000386960203930.1