PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
Current lineage filter: Basal angiosperms. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Lineage Summary
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019043 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019043
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019090 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019090
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019245 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019245
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019403 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019403
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019404 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019404
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019709 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019709
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019767 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019767
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019771 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019771
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019850 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019850
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019894 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC019894
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020096 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020096
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020107 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020107
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020155 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020155
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020442 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020442
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020445 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020445
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020471 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020471
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020624 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020624
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020659 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020659
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020712 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020712
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020916 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC020916
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021024 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021024
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021039 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021039
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021064 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021064
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021074 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021074
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021300 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021300
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021312 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021312
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021319 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021319
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021384 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021384
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021386 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021386
cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021446 cinnamomum_camphora cinnamomum_camphora_GWHPBGXC021446