PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL7015
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H432
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL25910
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT14877 C3'H/CYP98A10198 CSE29610 CCoAOMT6839
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR4440 CAD17134 F5H/CYP84A306 COMT22394
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC28156 POD122923
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (1002) Bryophytes (23287) Lycophytes/Ferns (1043) Gymnosperms (3685) Basal angiosperms (4979) Monocots (58985) Eudicots (197021)
Algae
Hits1002
Bryophytes
Hits23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits1043
Gymnosperms
Hits3685
Basal angiosperms
Hits4979
Monocots
Hits58985
Eudicots
Hits197021
Species Distribution
Triticum turgidum
Hordeum vulgare
Aegilops tauschii
Triticum aestivum
Prunus domestica
Diospyros kaki
Rhynchospora pubera
Papaver setigerum
Avena sativa
Fragaria ananassa
Lineage Summary
Algae
1002
Bryophytes
23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
1043
Gymnosperms
3685
Basal angiosperms
4979
Monocots
58985
Eudicots
197021
Module Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029741 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029741
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029839 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029839
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029840 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029840
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029891 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029891
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029993 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL029993
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030074 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030074
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030109 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030109
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030282 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030282
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030330 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030330
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030406 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030406
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030509 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030509
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030513 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030513
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030514 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030514
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030515 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030515
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030692 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030692
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030717 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030717
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030781 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030781
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030878 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030878
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030905 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030905
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030937 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL030937
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031148 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031148
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031149 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031149
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031169 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031169
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031172 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031172
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031199 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031199
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031320 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031320
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031332 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031332
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031456 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031456
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031620 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031620
aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031761 aconitum_vilmorinianum aconitum_vilmorinianum_GWHPBRAL031761