PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL7015
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H432
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL25910
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT14877 C3'H/CYP98A10198 CSE29610 CCoAOMT6839
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR4440 CAD17134 F5H/CYP84A306 COMT22394
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC28156 POD122923
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (1002) Bryophytes (23287) Lycophytes/Ferns (1043) Gymnosperms (3685) Basal angiosperms (4979) Monocots (58985) Eudicots (197021)
Algae
Hits1002
Bryophytes
Hits23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits1043
Gymnosperms
Hits3685
Basal angiosperms
Hits4979
Monocots
Hits58985
Eudicots
Hits197021
Species Distribution
Triticum turgidum
Hordeum vulgare
Aegilops tauschii
Triticum aestivum
Prunus domestica
Diospyros kaki
Rhynchospora pubera
Papaver setigerum
Avena sativa
Fragaria ananassa
Lineage Summary
Algae
1002
Bryophytes
23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
1043
Gymnosperms
3685
Basal angiosperms
4979
Monocots
58985
Eudicots
197021
Module Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21674 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21674
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21677 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21677
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21680 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21680
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21966 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21966
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21991 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21991
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21992 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_21992
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22044 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22044
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22050 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22050
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22108 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22108
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22126 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22126
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22171 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22171
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22172 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22172
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22182 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22182
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22345 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22345
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22347 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22347
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22430 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22430
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22508 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22508
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22542 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22542
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22543 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22543
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22641 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22641
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22680 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22680
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22961 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_22961
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23006 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23006
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23007 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23007
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23008 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23008
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23010 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23010
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23011 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23011
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23045 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23045
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23079 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23079
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23128 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_23128