PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL105
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H12
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL309
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT41 C3'H/CYP98A671 CSE272 CCoAOMT44
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR262 CAD165 F5H/CYP84A13 COMT64
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC195 POD3241
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (5394)
Current lineage filter: Algae. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits5394
Bryophytes
Hits0
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Chara braunii
Chromochloris zofingiensis
Botryococcus braunii
Penium margaritaceum
Takakia lepidozioides
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Chlamydomonas schloesseri
Ptychomnion cygnisetum
Dunaliella salina
Caulerpa lentillifera
Lineage Summary
Algae
5394
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Catmscaffold178_pilon0019170 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold178_pilon0019170
Catmscaffold17_pilon0020600 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold17_pilon0020600
Catmscaffold17_pilon0021300 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold17_pilon0021300
Catmscaffold17_pilon0021850 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold17_pilon0021850
Catmscaffold17_pilon0023270 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold17_pilon0023270
Catmscaffold180_pilon0023990 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold180_pilon0023990
Catmscaffold180_pilon0024020 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold180_pilon0024020
Catmscaffold180_pilon0024030 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold180_pilon0024030
Catmscaffold187_pilon0024470 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold187_pilon0024470
Catmscaffold195_pilon0025910 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold195_pilon0025910
Catmscaffold195_pilon0025920 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold195_pilon0025920
Catmscaffold22_pilon0030620 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold22_pilon0030620
Catmscaffold23_pilon0034110 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold23_pilon0034110
Catmscaffold23_pilon0034160 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold23_pilon0034160
Catmscaffold23_pilon0035240 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold23_pilon0035240
Catmscaffold26_pilon0038050 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold26_pilon0038050
Catmscaffold26_pilon0038120 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold26_pilon0038120
Catmscaffold26_pilon0039440 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold26_pilon0039440
Catmscaffold290_pilon0041410 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold290_pilon0041410
Catmscaffold29_pilon0042150 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold29_pilon0042150
Catmscaffold29_pilon0042340 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold29_pilon0042340
Catmscaffold32_pilon0049000 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold32_pilon0049000
Catmscaffold32_pilon0049520 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold32_pilon0049520
Catmscaffold387_pilon0056050 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold387_pilon0056050
Catmscaffold41_pilon0058840 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold41_pilon0058840
Catmscaffold45_pilon0062270 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold45_pilon0062270
Catmscaffold45_pilon0062760 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold45_pilon0062760
Catmscaffold46_pilon0063120 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold46_pilon0063120
Catmscaffold4_pilon0065070 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold4_pilon0065070
Catmscaffold4_pilon0066100 chlorokybus_atmophyticus Catmscaffold4_pilon0066100