PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
Current lineage filter: Monocots. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Lineage Summary
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_00920 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_00920
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01122 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01122
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01162 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01162
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01165 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01165
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01352 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01352
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01361 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01361
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01398 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01398
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01420 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01420
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01583 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01583
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01585 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01585
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01731 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01731
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01782 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01782
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02037 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02037
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02093 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02093
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02522 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02522
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02525 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02525
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02649 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02649
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02685 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02685
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02686 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02686
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02724 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02724
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02735 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02735
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02765 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02765
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02791 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02791
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02792 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02792
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02793 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02793
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02802 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02802
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02803 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02803
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02807 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02807
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02810 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02810
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02861 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02861