PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
Current lineage filter: Monocots. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Lineage Summary
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13572 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13572
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13573 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13573
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13574 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13574
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13575 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13575
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13576 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13576
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13666 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13666
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13669 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13669
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13678 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13678
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13692 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13692
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13720 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13720
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13890 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13890
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13911 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13911
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14080 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14080
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14462 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14462
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14711 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14711
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14712 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14712
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14718 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14718
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14725 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14725
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14737 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14737
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14740 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14740
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14773 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14773
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14774 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14774
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14775 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14775
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14821 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14821
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14950 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14950
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14964 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14964
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15008 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15008
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15009 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15009
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15073 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15073
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15093 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15093