PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
Current lineage filter: Monocots. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Lineage Summary
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18404 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18404
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18437 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18437
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18531 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18531
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18935 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18935
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18981 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18981
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18992 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_18992
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19058 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19058
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19091 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19091
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19238 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19238
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19297 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19297
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19310 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19310
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19325 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19325
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19386 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19386
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19429 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19429
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19439 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19439
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19446 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19446
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19516 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19516
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19554 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19554
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19578 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19578
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19749 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19749
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19750 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19750
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19751 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19751
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19764 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19764
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19769 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19769
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19890 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19890
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19912 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19912
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19925 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19925
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19949 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19949
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19953 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_19953
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_20010 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_20010