PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL1910
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H401
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL3434
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT1920 C3'H/CYP98A1929 CSE2414 CCoAOMT382
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR2707 CAD2978 F5H/CYP84A171 COMT1825
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC3730 POD14559
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (38360)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits38360
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Anthoceros punctatus
Buxbaumia aphylla
Calliergon cordifolium
Archidium alternifolium
Funaria hygrometrica
Andreaea rupestris
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
38360
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0003190 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0003190
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0003550 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0003550
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0004460 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0004460
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0004480 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0004480
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0005030 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0005030
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0006710 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0006710
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0009110 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0009110
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0009140 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0009140
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0010720 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0010720
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0011140 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0011140
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0011290 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0011290
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0011320 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0011320
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0012100 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0012100
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0012960 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0012960
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0014280 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0014280
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0014300 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0014300
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0014310 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0014310
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0014590 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0014590
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0015770 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0015770
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0015800 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0015800
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0016360 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0016360
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0016700 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0016700
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0016920 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0016920
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017270 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017270
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017350 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017350
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017770 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017770
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017780 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017780
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017820 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017820
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017830 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017830
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017840 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_117G0017840