PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL1910
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H401
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL3434
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT1920 C3'H/CYP98A1929 CSE2414 CCoAOMT382
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR2707 CAD2978 F5H/CYP84A171 COMT1825
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC3730 POD14559
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (38360)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits38360
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Anthoceros punctatus
Buxbaumia aphylla
Calliergon cordifolium
Archidium alternifolium
Funaria hygrometrica
Andreaea rupestris
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
38360
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0023250 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0023250
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0023930 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0023930
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0025620 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0025620
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0025650 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0025650
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0025790 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0025790
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0025880 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0025880
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0027820 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0027820
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0028260 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0028260
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0028270 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0028270
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0032800 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0032800
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0035540 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0035540
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0035910 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0035910
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0036810 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0036810
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0038240 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0038240
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0038260 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0038260
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0038270 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0038270
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0038280 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0038280
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0039310 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0039310
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0039410 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0039410
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0039830 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0039830
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0040930 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0040930
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0041750 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0041750
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0042490 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0042490
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0043710 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0043710
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0043730 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0043730
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0044340 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0044340
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0045550 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0045550
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0045770 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0045770
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0045870 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0045870
AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0047860 anthoceros_agrestis_bonn AagrBONNSc2ySwM_344G0047860