PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL7015
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H432
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL25910
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT14877 C3'H/CYP98A10198 CSE29610 CCoAOMT6839
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR4440 CAD17134 F5H/CYP84A306 COMT22394
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC28156 POD122923
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (1002) Bryophytes (23287) Lycophytes/Ferns (1043) Gymnosperms (3685) Basal angiosperms (4979) Monocots (58985) Eudicots (197021)
Algae
Hits1002
Bryophytes
Hits23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits1043
Gymnosperms
Hits3685
Basal angiosperms
Hits4979
Monocots
Hits58985
Eudicots
Hits197021
Species Distribution
Triticum turgidum
Hordeum vulgare
Aegilops tauschii
Triticum aestivum
Prunus domestica
Diospyros kaki
Rhynchospora pubera
Papaver setigerum
Avena sativa
Fragaria ananassa
Lineage Summary
Algae
1002
Bryophytes
23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
1043
Gymnosperms
3685
Basal angiosperms
4979
Monocots
58985
Eudicots
197021
Module Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2280 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2280
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2389 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2389
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2425 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2425
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2465 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2465
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2522 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2522
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2554 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2554
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2586 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2586
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2605 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.2605
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.672 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.672
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.829 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.829
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.834 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr7.834
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1389 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1389
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1568 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1568
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1569 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1569
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1570 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1570
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1584 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1584
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1647 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1647
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1713 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1713
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.174 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.174
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1997 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.1997
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2000 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2000
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2001 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2001
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2002 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2002
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2117 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2117
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2159 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2159
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2204 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2204
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2206 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2206
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2418 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2418
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2489 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2489
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2549.2 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr8.2549.2