Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route

Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.

7 curated steps/modules

Phenylalanine Donor Branch

Substrate

L-Phenylalanine

C₉H₁₁NO₂

C₆H₅-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch

PAL78

Product

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.

Substrate

trans-Cinnamic acid

C₉H₈O₂

C₆H₅-CH=CH-COOH

Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation

C4H351

Product

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.

Substrate

4-Coumaric acid

C₉H₈O₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-COOH

Substrate

CoA

C₂₁H₃₆N₇O₁₆P₃S

CoA-SH

CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor

4CL317

Product

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.

Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation

Substrate

L-Tyrosine

C₉H₁₁NO₃

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH

Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

TAT2109

Product

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate

C₉H₈O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-C(=O)-COOH

Reduction to the HPLA acceptor

HPPR1101

Product

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-CoA

C₃₀H₃₈N₇O₁₈P₃S

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA

Substrate

4-Hydroxyphenyllactate

C₉H₁₀O₄

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH₂-CH(OH)-COOH

Ester-forming condensation

RAS281

Product

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

4-HO-C₆H₄-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH₂-Ar-OH

RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.

Substrate

4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate

C₁₈H₁₆O₇

mono-catechol ester precursor

CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support

CPR403

Product

Rosmarinic acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate

CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.

Lineage Distribution

Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.

All Lineages Algae (4640)

Current lineage filter: Algae. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.

Species Distribution

Chromochloris zofingiensis

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Cyanophora paradoxa

Dunaliella salina

Caulerpa lentillifera

Chlamydomonas schloesseri

Chlorokybus atmophyticus

Takakia lepidozioides

Lineage Summary

Algae

4640

Module Gene List

Gene	Species	Protein ID
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12402\|g6984.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12402\|g6984.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12406\|g6988.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12406\|g6988.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12408\|g6990.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12408\|g6990.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12409\|g6991.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12409\|g6991.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12471\|g9156.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12471\|g9156.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12472\|g9156.t3	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12472\|g9156.t3
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12516\|g9199.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12516\|g9199.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12532\|g9216.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12532\|g9216.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12970\|g15726.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12970\|g15726.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|13416\|g13273.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|13416\|g13273.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|13621\|g15127.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|13621\|g15127.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|14258\|g6442.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|14258\|g6442.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|14923\|g7176.t2	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|14923\|g7176.t2
jgi\|Chlsc1\|14924\|g7176.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|14924\|g7176.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15025\|g7272.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15025\|g7272.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15170\|g7419.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15170\|g7419.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15213\|g2255.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15213\|g2255.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15251\|g2299.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15251\|g2299.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15346\|g10124.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15346\|g10124.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15432\|g7684.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15432\|g7684.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15994\|g1780.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15994\|g1780.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|16246\|g8796.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|16246\|g8796.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|1645\|g10854.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|1645\|g10854.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|1974\|g15851.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|1974\|g15851.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|2520\|g14402.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|2520\|g14402.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|2846\|g8846.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|2846\|g8846.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|3235\|g6141.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|3235\|g6141.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|3597\|g451.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|3597\|g451.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|3961\|g4054.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|3961\|g4054.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|3972\|g4065.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|3972\|g4065.t1

Gene	Species	Protein ID
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12402\|g6984.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12402\|g6984.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12406\|g6988.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12406\|g6988.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12408\|g6990.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12408\|g6990.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12409\|g6991.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12409\|g6991.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12471\|g9156.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12471\|g9156.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12472\|g9156.t3	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12472\|g9156.t3
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12516\|g9199.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12516\|g9199.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12532\|g9216.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12532\|g9216.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|12970\|g15726.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|12970\|g15726.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|13416\|g13273.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|13416\|g13273.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|13621\|g15127.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|13621\|g15127.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|14258\|g6442.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|14258\|g6442.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|14923\|g7176.t2	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|14923\|g7176.t2
jgi\|Chlsc1\|14924\|g7176.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|14924\|g7176.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15025\|g7272.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15025\|g7272.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15170\|g7419.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15170\|g7419.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15213\|g2255.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15213\|g2255.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15251\|g2299.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15251\|g2299.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15346\|g10124.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15346\|g10124.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15432\|g7684.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15432\|g7684.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|15994\|g1780.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|15994\|g1780.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|16246\|g8796.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|16246\|g8796.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|1645\|g10854.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|1645\|g10854.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|1974\|g15851.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|1974\|g15851.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|2520\|g14402.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|2520\|g14402.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|2846\|g8846.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|2846\|g8846.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|3235\|g6141.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|3235\|g6141.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|3597\|g451.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|3597\|g451.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|3961\|g4054.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|3961\|g4054.t1
jgi\|Chlsc1\|3972\|g4065.t1	chlamydomonas_schloesseri	jgi\|Chlsc1\|3972\|g4065.t1