PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Rosmarinic acid portable pathway

Category：Rosmarinic acid pathway

Rosmarinic acid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Rosmarinic Acid Reaction Route
Phenylalanine donor branch plus tyrosine acceptor branch. This pathway merges two aromatic amino-acid branches; after RAS condensation, CYP98A-type hydroxylases form rosmarinic acid with CPR electron-transfer support. The page displays annotatable members in the current reference library.
7 curated steps/modules
Phenylalanine Donor Branch
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination into the phenylpropanoid donor branch
PAL34
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL converts L-phenylalanine to cinnamate as the entry step toward the 4-coumaroyl-CoA donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Cinnamate 4-hydroxylation
C4H271
Product
4-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A forms 4-coumaric acid for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
4-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the RAS acyl donor
4CL122
Product
4-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL generates 4-coumaroyl-CoA as the acyl donor for the RAS condensation reaction.
Tyrosine Acceptor Branch And Condensation
04
Substrate
L-Tyrosine
C9H11NO3
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Transamination to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate
TAT30
Product
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate
C9H8O4
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-C(=O)-COOH
TAT routes L-tyrosine into the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate acceptor branch.
05
Substrate
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate
C9H8O4
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-C(=O)-COOH
Reduction to the HPLA acceptor
HPPR45
Product
4-Hydroxyphenyllactate
C9H10O4
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-CH(OH)-COOH
HPPR reduces 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to 4-hydroxyphenyllactate.
06
Substrate
4-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
4-Hydroxyphenyllactate
C9H10O4
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-CH(OH)-COOH
Ester-forming condensation
RAS114
Product
4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate
C18H16O7
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-O-CH(COOH)-CH2-Ar-OH
RAS couples the acyl donor with the HPLA acceptor to form the direct rosmarinic-acid precursor.
07
Substrate
4-Coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactate
C18H16O7
mono-catechol ester precursor
CYP98A14-type hydroxylation with CPR electron-transfer support
CPR48
Product
Rosmarinic acid
C18H16O8
caffeoyl-O-3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactate
CYP98A14 or close CYP98A enzymes catalyse 3/3' hydroxylation; CPR in the current reference library represents electron-transfer support for this P450 reaction and should not be interpreted as CPR alone performing hydroxylation.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Lycophytes/Ferns (664)
Current lineage filter: Lycophytes/Ferns. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits0
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits664
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Azolla filiculoides
Isoetes taiwanensis
Selaginella moellendorffii
Salvinia cucullata
Lineage Summary
Lycophytes/Ferns
664
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_620345170.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_620345170.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_620345180.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_620345180.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_640348420.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_640348420.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_640349340.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_640349340.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_660354020.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_660354020.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_680356060.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_680356060.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_700366310.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_700366310.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_70363750.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_70363750.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_70365390.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_70365390.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_70365500.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_70365500.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_720370190.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_720370190.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_720370360.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_720370360.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_770376750.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_770376750.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_780378370.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_780378370.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_780378760.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_780378760.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_790379410.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_790379410.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_790379700.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_790379700.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_790379930.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_790379930.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_800385950.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_800385950.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_800386640.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_800386640.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_800386670.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_800386670.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80381970.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80381970.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382000.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382000.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382010.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382010.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382100.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382100.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382110.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382110.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382530.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_80382530.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_810387490.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_810387490.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_90396110.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_90396110.1
ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_90397930.1 isoetes_taiwanensis ItaiItaiw_v1_scaffold_90397930.1