PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g1705.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g1705.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g1746.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g1746.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g1748.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g1748.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g2870.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g2870.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g2932.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g2932.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g3109.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g3109.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g3524.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g3524.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g3598.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000002l.g3598.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000003l.g160.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000003l.g160.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g1.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g1.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g1040.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g1040.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g1481.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g1481.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g1662.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g1662.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g2597.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g2597.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g2599.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g2599.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g304.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g304.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g305.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g305.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000007l.g712.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000007l.g712.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g2480.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g2480.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000010l.g1389.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000010l.g1389.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000010l.g1554.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000010l.g1554.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000010l.g826.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000010l.g826.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g2589.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g2589.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3786.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3786.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3789.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3789.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3790.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3790.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3791.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3791.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3792.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3792.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3793.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3793.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3903.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3903.t1