PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g2205.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g2205.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g2567.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g2567.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g2569.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g2569.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g3879.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g3879.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g1349.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g1349.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g451.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g451.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g454.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g454.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g522.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g522.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g527.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g527.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000015l.g1431.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000015l.g1431.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000015l.g1469.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000015l.g1469.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000015l.g1531.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000015l.g1531.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000015l.g1647.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000015l.g1647.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000016l.g1703.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000016l.g1703.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000017l.g2120.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000017l.g2120.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000018l.g337.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000018l.g337.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000018l.g583.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000018l.g583.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000019l.g2297.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000019l.g2297.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000020l.g1075.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000020l.g1075.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000021l.g2151.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000021l.g2151.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000022l.g491.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000022l.g491.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000033l.g2680.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000033l.g2680.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000033l.g2892.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000033l.g2892.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000033l.g3069.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000033l.g3069.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000033l.g3444.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000033l.g3444.t1
Acat01G0015000 areca_catechu Acat01G0015000
Acat01G0015770 areca_catechu Acat01G0015770
Acat02G0008530 areca_catechu Acat02G0008530
Acat03G0016890 areca_catechu Acat03G0016890
Acat03G0016900 areca_catechu Acat03G0016900