PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
avicennia_marina_AM_14214 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_14214
avicennia_marina_AM_15998 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_15998
avicennia_marina_AM_16359 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_16359
avicennia_marina_AM_17271 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_17271
avicennia_marina_AM_17714 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_17714
avicennia_marina_AM_19136 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_19136
avicennia_marina_AM_19458 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_19458
avicennia_marina_AM_19518 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_19518
avicennia_marina_AM_19640 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_19640
avicennia_marina_AM_19641 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_19641
avicennia_marina_AM_20006 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_20006
avicennia_marina_AM_20073 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_20073
avicennia_marina_AM_20074 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_20074
avicennia_marina_AM_20325 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_20325
avicennia_marina_AM_20423 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_20423
avicennia_marina_AM_20818 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_20818
avicennia_marina_AM_21223 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_21223
avicennia_marina_AM_21329 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_21329
avicennia_marina_AM_22622 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_22622
avicennia_marina_AM_22979 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_22979
avicennia_marina_AM_22993 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_22993
avicennia_marina_AM_23229 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_23229
avicennia_marina_AM_23480 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_23480
avicennia_marina_AM_24009 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_24009
avicennia_marina_AM_24530 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_24530
avicennia_marina_AM_24789 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_24789
avicennia_marina_AM_25767 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_25767
avicennia_marina_AM_26335 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_26335
avicennia_marina_AM_26996 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_26996
avicennia_marina_AM_27511 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_27511