PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
avicennia_marina_AM_27527 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_27527
avicennia_marina_AM_27590 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_27590
avicennia_marina_AM_29185 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_29185
avicennia_marina_AM_29187 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_29187
avicennia_marina_AM_29575 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_29575
avicennia_marina_AM_29729 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_29729
avicennia_marina_AM_29849 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_29849
avicennia_marina_AM_30985 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_30985
avicennia_marina_AM_31429 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_31429
avicennia_marina_AM_32404 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_32404
avicennia_marina_AM_33018 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_33018
avicennia_marina_AM_33021 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_33021
avicennia_marina_AM_33058 avicennia_marina avicennia_marina_AM_33058
AfilAzfi_s00020005340 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00020005340
AfilAzfi_s00030009280 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00030009280
AfilAzfi_s00040013530 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00040013530
AfilAzfi_s00060023250 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00060023250
AfilAzfi_s00060023280 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00060023280
AfilAzfi_s00100034900 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00100034900
AfilAzfi_s00130038530 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00130038530
AfilAzfi_s00220049280 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00220049280
AfilAzfi_s00270053480 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00270053480
AfilAzfi_s00300056110 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00300056110
AfilAzfi_s00600079950 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00600079950
AfilAzfi_s00830095810 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00830095810
AfilAzfi_s00920100860 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00920100860
AfilAzfi_s00970104480 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s00970104480
AfilAzfi_s01140113260 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s01140113260
AfilAzfi_s01590127520 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s01590127520
AfilAzfi_s01790132850 azolla_filiculoides AfilAzfi_s01790132850