PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_americanus_Acora.12G015600.1.p acorus_americanus acorus_americanus_Acora.12G015600.1.p
acorus_americanus_Acora.12G069800.1.p acorus_americanus acorus_americanus_Acora.12G069800.1.p
acorus_americanus_Acora.M026200.1.p acorus_americanus acorus_americanus_Acora.M026200.1.p
acorus_americanus_Acora.M041400.1.p acorus_americanus acorus_americanus_Acora.M041400.1.p
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_00314 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_00314
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01398 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01398
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01782 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_01782
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02649 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02649
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02735 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_02735
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_04942 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_04942
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05143 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05143
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06183 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06183
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07336 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07336
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07388 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07388
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07984 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07984
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08610 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08610
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08669 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08669
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08670 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08670
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08671 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08671
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08672 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08672
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08673 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08673
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08674 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08674
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08675 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08675
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_11443 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_11443
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12291 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12291
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13459 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13459
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13911 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13911
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14821 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_14821
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15417 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15417
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16037 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16037