PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Agluscaffold60096_cov1070344400 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold60096_cov1070344400
Agluscaffold62584_cov960351290 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold62584_cov960351290
Agluscaffold65748_cov1080360580 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold65748_cov1080360580
Agluscaffold66059_cov1080362070 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold66059_cov1080362070
Agluscaffold736_cov1080380420 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold736_cov1080380420
Agluscaffold7545_cov870384750 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold7545_cov870384750
Agluscaffold7557_cov1030385180 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold7557_cov1030385180
Agluscaffold7753_cov1000389110 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold7753_cov1000389110
Agluscaffold840_cov900403740 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold840_cov900403740
Agluscaffold861_cov1080407980 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold861_cov1080407980
Agluscaffold89160_cov1020414230 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold89160_cov1020414230
Agluscaffold90455_cov960416420 alnus_glutinosa Agluscaffold90455_cov960416420
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00000554-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00000554-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00001307-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00001307-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00002203-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00002203-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00011055-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00011055-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00012221-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00012221-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00012708-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00012708-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00016802-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00016802-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00019938-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00019938-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00019942-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00019942-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00021556-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00021556-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00027680-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00027680-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00032567-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00032567-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00035416-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00035416-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00035423-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00035423-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00035639-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00035639-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00035644-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00035644-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00038062-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00038062-RA
alnus_rubra_ALNRU00038833-RA alnus_rubra alnus_rubra_ALNRU00038833-RA