PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
4CL

4CL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family 4CL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 774 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 25907 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 25910 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 25914 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
AMhypScaffold_120054810.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_120054810.1
AMhypScaffold_120058610.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_120058610.1
AMhypScaffold_130068200.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_130068200.1
AMhypScaffold_140083790.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_140083790.1
AMhypScaffold_20112800.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_20112800.1
AMhypScaffold_20114770.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_20114770.1
AMhypScaffold_20128080.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_20128080.1
AMhypScaffold_20128460.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_20128460.1
AMhypScaffold_20128480.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_20128480.1
AMhypScaffold_30134990.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_30134990.1
AMhypScaffold_30137420.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_30137420.1
AMhypScaffold_30137980.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_30137980.1
AMhypScaffold_40150620.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40150620.1
AMhypScaffold_40156860.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40156860.1
AMhypScaffold_40158270.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40158270.1
AMhypScaffold_40158280.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40158280.1
AMhypScaffold_40158290.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40158290.1
AMhypScaffold_40161130.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40161130.1
AMhypScaffold_40163880.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40163880.1
AMhypScaffold_40163890.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40163890.1
AMhypScaffold_40164030.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_40164030.1
AMhypScaffold_50174280.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_50174280.1
AMhypScaffold_60192500.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_60192500.1
AMhypScaffold_60192570.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_60192570.1
AMhypScaffold_70198750.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_70198750.1
AMhypScaffold_70209600.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_70209600.1
AMhypScaffold_90229460.1 amaranthus_hypochondriacus AMhypScaffold_90229460.1
MAKER_00334-RA amaranthus_palmeri MAKER_00334-RA
MAKER_00941-RA amaranthus_palmeri MAKER_00941-RA
MAKER_00975-RA amaranthus_palmeri MAKER_00975-RA