PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
CHS

CHS

Chalcone synthase reference family for the core flavonoid pathway.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 757 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Algae
Bryophytes
Lycophytes/Ferns
Gymnosperms
Basal angiosperms
Monocots
Eudicots
Species Distribution
Rhynchospora pubera
Triticum turgidum
Triticum aestivum
Avena sativa
Related Modules
Flavonoid pathway
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 11738 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
PAL 7015 C4H 464 4CL 25907
Flavonoid scaffold formation
CHS 11738 CHI 3089
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
FNS 359 IFS 541 IFR 11814
Dihydroflavonol branches
F3H 4697 F3'H/CYP75B 1332 F3'5'H/CYP75A 247 FLS 124
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
DFR 1310 ANS/LDOX 1019 UFGT 106747 ANR 1183
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000003l.g1403.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000003l.g1403.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g2364.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g2364.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g239.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g239.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g819.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g819.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g820.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g820.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g821.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000004l.g821.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000005l.g4900.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000005l.g4900.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000007l.g3553.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000007l.g3553.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000007l.g3554.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000007l.g3554.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000007l.g4424.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000007l.g4424.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000008l.g1399.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000008l.g1399.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000008l.g896.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000008l.g896.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g1692.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g1692.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g1694.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g1694.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g3161.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g3161.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g3784.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000009l.g3784.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g1757.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g1757.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g2869.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g2869.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3138.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000011l.g3138.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000012l.g788.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000012l.g788.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g3564.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g3564.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g3658.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000013l.g3658.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g763.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g763.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g790.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000014l.g790.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000016l.g989.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000016l.g989.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000018l.g1323.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000018l.g1323.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000020l.g960.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000020l.g960.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000021l.g2117.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000021l.g2117.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000022l.g1572.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000022l.g1572.t1
arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000028l.g1682.t1 arctium_lappa arctium_lappa_Alap.ptg000028l.g1682.t1