PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Hvulchr6HG0025840.3 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025840.3
Hvulchr6HG0025840.4 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025840.4
Hvulchr6HG0025840.5 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025840.5
Hvulchr6HG0025840.6 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025840.6
Hvulchr6HG0025840.7 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025840.7
Hvulchr6HG0025840.8 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025840.8
Hvulchr6HG0025840.9 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025840.9
Hvulchr6HG0025860.1 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025860.1
Hvulchr6HG0025860.2 hordeum_vulgare Hvulchr6HG0025860.2
HvulchrUnG0008480.1 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.1
HvulchrUnG0008480.10 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.10
HvulchrUnG0008480.2 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.2
HvulchrUnG0008480.3 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.3
HvulchrUnG0008480.4 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.4
HvulchrUnG0008480.5 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.5
HvulchrUnG0008480.6 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.6
HvulchrUnG0008480.7 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.7
HvulchrUnG0008480.8 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.8
HvulchrUnG0008480.9 hordeum_vulgare HvulchrUnG0008480.9
Hlup000198F0103060.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103060.1
Hlup000198F0103070.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103070.1
Hlup000198F0103080.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103080.1
Hlup000198F0103100.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103100.1
Hlup000198F0103110.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103110.1
Hlup000198F0103120.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103120.1
Hlup000198F0103130.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103130.1
Hlup000198F0103140.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103140.1
Hlup000198F0103150.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000198F0103150.1
Hlup000325F0145030.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000325F0145030.1
Hlup000643F0231400.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000643F0231400.1