PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Hlup000886F0285900.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup000886F0285900.1
Hlup002049F0484520.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup002049F0484520.1
Hlup002049F0484570.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup002049F0484570.1
Hlup002125F0494540.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup002125F0494540.1
Hlup002125F0494580.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup002125F0494580.1
Hlup002125F0494610.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup002125F0494610.1
Hlup002587F0551130.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup002587F0551130.1
Hlup003543F0647850.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup003543F0647850.1
Hlup003790F0667900.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup003790F0667900.1
Hlup004595F0728470.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup004595F0728470.1
Hlup004903F0749130.1 humulus_lupulus Hlup004903F0749130.1
hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_0205F.1_g087330 hydrangea_macrophylla hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_0205F.1_g087330
hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_0205F.1_g087350 hydrangea_macrophylla hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_0205F.1_g087350
hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_0307F.1_g119900 hydrangea_macrophylla hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_0307F.1_g119900
hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_0366F.1_g136840 hydrangea_macrophylla hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_0366F.1_g136840
hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_1356F.1_g277860 hydrangea_macrophylla hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_1356F.1_g277860
hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_1458F.1_g284720 hydrangea_macrophylla hydrangea_macrophylla_Hma1.2p1_1458F.1_g284720
HvarHygva1160014920 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1160014920
HvarHygva11630015820 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva11630015820
HvarHygva1468420053400 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1468420053400
HvarHygva1477060055960 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1477060055960
HvarHygva1551810093810 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1551810093810
HvarHygva1552350094570 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1552350094570
HvarHygva1556070100890 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1556070100890
HvarHygva1559120106260 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1559120106260
HvarHygva1560930109800 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1560930109800
HvarHygva1562540114050 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1562540114050
HvarHygva1577480163170 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1577480163170
HvarHygva1578060165550 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1578060165550
HvarHygva1580660173950 hygroamblystegium_varium HvarHygva1580660173950