PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Bill444340141180 bryoandersonia_illecebra Bill444340141180
Bill446520165390 bryoandersonia_illecebra Bill446520165390
Bill446550165700 bryoandersonia_illecebra Bill446550165700
Bill448020183260 bryoandersonia_illecebra Bill448020183260
Bnorscaffold_10007830 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_10007830
Bnorscaffold_10007840 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_10007840
Bnorscaffold_10027960 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_10027960
Bnorscaffold_10027970 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_10027970
Bnorscaffold_10029350 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_10029350
Bnorscaffold_110060700 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_110060700
Bnorscaffold_110060710 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_110060710
Bnorscaffold_110070090 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_110070090
Bnorscaffold_130100690 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_130100690
Bnorscaffold_130100700 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_130100700
Bnorscaffold_130100710 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_130100710
Bnorscaffold_140122730 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_140122730
Bnorscaffold_140122740 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_140122740
Bnorscaffold_50213050 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_50213050
Bnorscaffold_50224840 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_50224840
Bnorscaffold_50224850 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_50224850
Bnorscaffold_80283260 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_80283260
Bnorscaffold_80283270 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_80283270
Bnorscaffold_80289720 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_80289720
Bnorscaffold_80289730 bryoxiphium_norvegicum Bnorscaffold_80289730
Bknoscaffold_100041500 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_100041500
Bknoscaffold_110067330 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_110067330
Bknoscaffold_110086830 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_110086830
Bknoscaffold_140152520 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_140152520
Bknoscaffold_140152540 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_140152540
Bknoscaffold_150185680 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_150185680