PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Bknoscaffold_150185710 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_150185710
Bknoscaffold_150197270 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_150197270
Bknoscaffold_150198480 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_150198480
Bknoscaffold_160222600 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_160222600
Bknoscaffold_160222610 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_160222610
Bknoscaffold_160222620 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_160222620
Bknoscaffold_160222810 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_160222810
Bknoscaffold_160223080 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_160223080
Bknoscaffold_180353670 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_180353670
Bknoscaffold_190356840 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_190356840
Bknoscaffold_200454650 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454650
Bknoscaffold_200454730 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454730
Bknoscaffold_200454750 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454750
Bknoscaffold_200454760 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454760
Bknoscaffold_200454780 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454780
Bknoscaffold_200454900 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454900
Bknoscaffold_200454940 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454940
Bknoscaffold_200454960 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454960
Bknoscaffold_200454980 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200454980
Bknoscaffold_200455000 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_200455000
Bknoscaffold_210475610 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210475610
Bknoscaffold_210475630 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210475630
Bknoscaffold_210475690 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210475690
Bknoscaffold_210475700 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210475700
Bknoscaffold_210475760 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210475760
Bknoscaffold_210475880 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210475880
Bknoscaffold_210476100 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210476100
Bknoscaffold_210476120 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210476120
Bknoscaffold_210476140 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210476140
Bknoscaffold_210476210 bryum_knowltonii Bknoscaffold_210476210