PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
PAL

PAL

Phenylpropanoid-entry shared module: PAL/4CL/C4H are expected shared entry families across phenylpropanoid-derived libraries.

Atlas summary family PAL.

Lineage Coverage
Detected in 752 of 789 public species; click a lineage to inspect its species list.
Pathway Position Map
Pathways are arranged by literature-curated biosynthetic stages and highlight the current enzyme family; branched pathways are grouped by stage rather than forced into one linear reaction chain.
Curated order
Flavonoid pathway 7015 current-family members Mao et al. 2025; Gulzar et al. 2024; Vogt 2010
Phenylpropanoid entry
Flavonoid scaffold formation
Flavone and isoflavonoid branches
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin branches
Phenylpropanoid pathway 7015 current-family members Vogt 2010; Vanholme et al. 2013; Tobimatsu & Schuetz 2019; Zhao et al. 2013
Rosmarinic acid pathway 7015 current-family members Petersen & Simmonds 2003; Huang et al. 2008; Kim et al. 2004; Berger et al. 2006; Eberle et al. 2009
Phenylalanine donor branch
Tyrosine acceptor branch
Condensation and hydroxylation
Family Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Cmax07G0009200.1 cucurbita_maxima Cmax07G0009200.1
Cmax08G0007880.1 cucurbita_maxima Cmax08G0007880.1
Cmax10G0007480.1 cucurbita_maxima Cmax10G0007480.1
Cmax17G0007000.1 cucurbita_maxima Cmax17G0007000.1
Cmax18G0008960.1 cucurbita_maxima Cmax18G0008960.1
Cmax20G0004970.1 cucurbita_maxima Cmax20G0004970.1
Cmos02G0000490.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos02G0000490.1
Cmos03G0012270.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos03G0012270.1
Cmos03G0012280.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos03G0012280.1
Cmos03G0012290.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos03G0012290.1
Cmos04G0021440.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos04G0021440.1
Cmos07G0009470.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009470.1
Cmos07G0009480.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009480.1
Cmos07G0009490.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009490.1
Cmos07G0009500.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009500.1
Cmos07G0009510.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009510.1
Cmos07G0009520.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009520.1
Cmos07G0009530.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009530.1
Cmos07G0009540.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009540.1
Cmos07G0009550.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009550.1
Cmos07G0009560.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos07G0009560.1
Cmos10G0007740.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos10G0007740.1
Cmos11G0013260.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos11G0013260.1
Cmos18G0009000.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos18G0009000.1
Cmos20G0005320.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos20G0005320.1
Cmos20G0011250.1 cucurbita_moschata Cmos20G0011250.1
CausC001N0012240 cuscuta_australis CausC001N0012240
CausC005N0029060 cuscuta_australis CausC005N0029060
CausC046N0149430 cuscuta_australis CausC046N0149430
CcamCcam0.32_scaffold2660207520.1 cuscuta_campestris CcamCcam0.32_scaffold2660207520.1