PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Alkaloid portable pathway

Alkaloid portable pathway

Category：Alkaloid pathway

Alkaloid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Alkaloid Reaction Route
BIA, MIA, nicotine/tropane, and purine branches. Alkaloid biosynthesis is not a single route; this page separates BIA, MIA, nicotine/tropane, and purine branches with entry substrates, key enzyme modules, and representative products.
6 curated steps/modules
BIA Benzylisoquinoline Branch
01
Substrate
L-Tyrosine/dopamine
C9H11NO3 / C8H11NO2
catechol-CH2-CH2-NH2
Substrate
4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
C8H8O2
4-HO-C6H4-CH2-CHO
Dopamine formation and norcoclaurine condensation
TYDC_DDC49 NCS2188
Product
(S)-Norcoclaurine
C16H17NO3
benzylisoquinoline tetrahydro core
TYDC/DDC provide aromatic amine substrates, and NCS forms the BIA core.
02
Substrate
Norcoclaurine/reticuline-like intermediates
C16-C19 BIA
benzylisoquinoline scaffold
Methylation, hydroxylation, and downstream BIA diversification
6OMT_4OMT_SOMT585 CNMT1103 CYP80B1109 BBE CYP71957 COR12777 CODM/T6ODM213
Product
BIA derivatives
benzylisoquinoline alkaloids
O-methylated/bridged BIA scaffolds
OMT/CYP/reductase combinations route norcoclaurine-like intermediates to diverse BIA products.
MIA Monoterpene Indole Alkaloid Branch
03
Substrate
GPP/geraniol
C10H20O7P2 / C10H18O
C10 prenyl-OPP / HO-CH2-C10 isoprenoid
Formation of the terpenoid seco-iridoid donor
GES29176 G8O/G8H1896 8HGO1497 ISY4217 IO1721 7DLGT55281 7DLH341 LAMT943 SLS426
Product
Secologanin
C17H24O10
seco-iridoid glucoside aldehyde
The terpenoid branch of MIA biosynthesis generates the secologanin donor from GPP/geraniol-derived intermediates.
04
Substrate
Tryptamine + secologanin
C10H12N2 + C17H24O10
indole-CH2-CH2-NH2 + seco-iridoid aldehyde
Tryptamine condensation and post-strictosidine tailoring
TDC33 STR16085 SGD25978 GS15620 T16H895 16OMT111 T3O29276 NMT40796
Product
Strictosidine/MIA derivatives
C27H34N2O9 and derivatives
indole-monoterpene alkaloid scaffold
STR couples tryptamine with secologanin; downstream hydrolysis and tailoring yield diverse MIA scaffolds.
Nicotine, Tropane, And Purine Branches
05
Substrate
Ornithine/arginine
C5H12N2O2 / C6H14N4O2
H2N-(CH2)n-CH(NH2)-COOH
Polyamine-derived nicotine/tropane scaffolds
ODC1268 ADC2008 PMT9370 MPO6100 A622 BBL PYKS11713 TRI/TRII28608 H6H6749 CYP80F115
Product
Nicotine/tropane intermediates
N-heterocyclic alkaloids
N-methylpyrrolinium / tropane ring
ODC/ADC/PMT/MPO and related enzymes generate N-methylpyrrolinium-type intermediates for nicotine or tropane directions.
06
Substrate
Xanthine/xanthosine
C5H4N4O2 / nucleoside
purine-2,6-dione ring
Purine methylation
XMT_MXMT_DXMT70
Product
Methylxanthines/caffeine
C8H10N4O2
1,3,7-trimethyl-purine-2,6-dione
XMT/MXMT/DXMT methyltransferases catalyze stepwise methylation of the xanthine scaffold.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (1194) Bryophytes (18646) Lycophytes/Ferns (955) Gymnosperms (3305) Basal angiosperms (5250) Monocots (61131) Eudicots (216674)
Algae
Hits1194
Bryophytes
Hits18646
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits955
Gymnosperms
Hits3305
Basal angiosperms
Hits5250
Monocots
Hits61131
Eudicots
Hits216674
Species Distribution
Hordeum vulgare
Triticum turgidum
Aegilops tauschii
Triticum aestivum
Fragaria ananassa
Avena sativa
Rhynchospora pubera
Diospyros kaki
Panicum virgatum
Papaver setigerum
Lineage Summary
Algae
1194
Bryophytes
18646
Lycophytes/Ferns
955
Gymnosperms
3305
Basal angiosperms
5250
Monocots
61131
Eudicots
216674
Module Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1292 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1292
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1356 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1356
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1373 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1373
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1490 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1490
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1501 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1501
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1601 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1601
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1744 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.1744
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.2209 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.2209
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.2478 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.2478
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.2757 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.2757
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.2763 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.2763
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3108 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3108
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3109_Atru.chr2.3098 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3109_Atru.chr2.3098
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3113 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3113
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3132 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3132
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3138 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3138
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3147 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3147
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3148 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3148
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.340 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.340
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3515 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3515
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3522 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3522
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3649 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3649
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3661 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3661
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3700_Atru.chr2.3701 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3700_Atru.chr2.3701
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3749 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3749
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3763 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.3763
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.708 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.708
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.711 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.711
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.878 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.878
acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.894 acer_truncatum acer_truncatum_Atru.chr2.894