PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Flavonoid portable pathway

Flavonoid portable pathway

Category：Flavonoid pathway

Flavonoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Flavonoid Reaction Route
Phenylpropanoid entry, flavonoid scaffold, and anthocyanin branches. The flavonoid pathway is branched; this view arranges the main scaffold and common branches into a readable representative route without forcing all branches into one linear pathway.
9 curated steps/modules
From Phenylpropanoid Entry To Flavonoid Scaffold
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to the cinnamate entry point
PAL1926
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits L-phenylalanine to the phenylpropanoid entry route that supplies the flavonoid acyl donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of cinnamate
C4H367
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A hydroxylates cinnamate to p-coumarate, a required phenylpropanoid step toward the flavonoid donor.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the flavonoid acyl donor
4CL3447
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL activates p-coumarate to p-coumaroyl-CoA for CHS-mediated flavonoid scaffold formation.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
Malonyl-CoA
C24H38N7O19P3S
HOOC-CH2-C(=O)-SCoA
Condensation of the C6-C3-C6 scaffold
CHS2269
Product
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
CHS condenses one p-coumaroyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA units to form a chalcone scaffold.
05
Substrate
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
Chalcone cyclization
CHI1333
Product
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
CHI converts the open-chain chalcone into the flavanone core.
06
Substrate
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
C-ring 3-hydroxylation to dihydroflavonols
F3H1578
Product
Dihydrokaempferol
C15H12O6
dihydroflavonol C-ring
F3H is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that converts flavanones into the dihydroflavonol pool.
07
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15H12O5-6
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
B-ring hydroxylation shapes flavonoid hydroxylation patterns
F3'H/CYP75B700 F3'5'H/CYP75A235
Product
B-ring hydroxylated flavonoid intermediates
C15H12O6-7
3'/3'5'-hydroxylated flavonoids
CYP75B/F3'H and CYP75A/F3'5'H alter B-ring hydroxylation and generate precursors for quercetin- and myricetin-type branches.
Flavone, Anthocyanin, And Proanthocyanidin Branches
08
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15 flavonoids
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
Flavone, isoflavonoid, and flavonol branches
FNS27 IFS22 IFR745 FLS6
Product
Flavones/isoflavones/flavonols
C15H10O5-7
oxidized C6-C3-C6 flavonoids
Branch enzymes route shared intermediates into distinct flavonoid subclasses.
09
Substrate
Dihydroflavonols
C15H12O6-7
dihydroflavonol C-ring
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin direction
DFR334 ANS/LDOX825 UFGT3376 ANR37
Product
Anthocyanin glycosides/proanthocyanidins
C15 glycosides/polymers
flavylium-glycoside / flavan-3-ol polymer
DFR/ANS/UFGT/ANR route the dihydroflavonol pool toward pigments and condensed tannins.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (17227)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits17227
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Archidium alternifolium
Raddia guianensis
Calliergon cordifolium
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Funaria hygrometrica
Buxbaumia aphylla
Homaliodendron scalpellifolium
Anthoceros punctatus
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
17227
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Arupctg001298_np121212120138520 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001298_np121212120138520
Arupctg001306_np121212120142350 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001306_np121212120142350
Arupctg001336_np121212120145980 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001336_np121212120145980
Arupctg001359_np121212120151800 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001359_np121212120151800
Arupctg001359_np121212120151810 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001359_np121212120151810
Arupctg001359_np121212120151820 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001359_np121212120151820
Arupctg001359_np121212120151830 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001359_np121212120151830
Arupctg001417_np121212120158580 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001417_np121212120158580
Arupctg001417_np121212120159050 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001417_np121212120159050
Arupctg001417_np121212120159060 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001417_np121212120159060
Arupctg001417_np121212120159070 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001417_np121212120159070
Arupctg001417_np121212120159080 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001417_np121212120159080
Arupctg001455_np121212120166990 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001455_np121212120166990
Arupctg001519_np121212120176850 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001519_np121212120176850
Arupctg001524_np121212120179100 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001524_np121212120179100
Arupctg001584_np121212120184470 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001584_np121212120184470
Arupctg001584_np121212120184800 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001584_np121212120184800
Arupctg001592_np121212120186220 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001592_np121212120186220
Arupctg001615_np121212120189140 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001615_np121212120189140
Arupctg001628_np121212120192170 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001628_np121212120192170
Arupctg001630_np121212120192440 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001630_np121212120192440
Arupctg001638_np121212120196200 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196200
Arupctg001638_np121212120196210 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196210
Arupctg001638_np121212120196230 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196230
Arupctg001638_np121212120196240 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196240
Arupctg001638_np121212120196250 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196250
Arupctg001638_np121212120196270 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196270
Arupctg001638_np121212120196280 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196280
Arupctg001657_np121212120198880 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001657_np121212120198880
Arupctg001691_np121212120208250 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001691_np121212120208250