PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Flavonoid portable pathway

Flavonoid portable pathway

Category：Flavonoid pathway

Flavonoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Flavonoid Reaction Route
Phenylpropanoid entry, flavonoid scaffold, and anthocyanin branches. The flavonoid pathway is branched; this view arranges the main scaffold and common branches into a readable representative route without forcing all branches into one linear pathway.
9 curated steps/modules
From Phenylpropanoid Entry To Flavonoid Scaffold
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to the cinnamate entry point
PAL1926
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits L-phenylalanine to the phenylpropanoid entry route that supplies the flavonoid acyl donor.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of cinnamate
C4H367
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A hydroxylates cinnamate to p-coumarate, a required phenylpropanoid step toward the flavonoid donor.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation to form the flavonoid acyl donor
4CL3447
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL activates p-coumarate to p-coumaroyl-CoA for CHS-mediated flavonoid scaffold formation.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Substrate
Malonyl-CoA
C24H38N7O19P3S
HOOC-CH2-C(=O)-SCoA
Condensation of the C6-C3-C6 scaffold
CHS2269
Product
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
CHS condenses one p-coumaroyl-CoA with three malonyl-CoA units to form a chalcone scaffold.
05
Substrate
Naringenin chalcone
C15H12O5
HO-Ar-CO-CH=CH-Ar-(OH)2
Chalcone cyclization
CHI1333
Product
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
CHI converts the open-chain chalcone into the flavanone core.
06
Substrate
Naringenin
C15H12O5
flavanone C6-C3-C6 ring
C-ring 3-hydroxylation to dihydroflavonols
F3H1578
Product
Dihydrokaempferol
C15H12O6
dihydroflavonol C-ring
F3H is a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that converts flavanones into the dihydroflavonol pool.
07
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15H12O5-6
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
B-ring hydroxylation shapes flavonoid hydroxylation patterns
F3'H/CYP75B700 F3'5'H/CYP75A235
Product
B-ring hydroxylated flavonoid intermediates
C15H12O6-7
3'/3'5'-hydroxylated flavonoids
CYP75B/F3'H and CYP75A/F3'5'H alter B-ring hydroxylation and generate precursors for quercetin- and myricetin-type branches.
Flavone, Anthocyanin, And Proanthocyanidin Branches
08
Substrate
Flavanones/dihydroflavonols
C15 flavonoids
C6-C3-C6 oxygen heterocycle
Flavone, isoflavonoid, and flavonol branches
FNS27 IFS22 IFR745 FLS6
Product
Flavones/isoflavones/flavonols
C15H10O5-7
oxidized C6-C3-C6 flavonoids
Branch enzymes route shared intermediates into distinct flavonoid subclasses.
09
Substrate
Dihydroflavonols
C15H12O6-7
dihydroflavonol C-ring
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin direction
DFR334 ANS/LDOX825 UFGT3376 ANR37
Product
Anthocyanin glycosides/proanthocyanidins
C15 glycosides/polymers
flavylium-glycoside / flavan-3-ol polymer
DFR/ANS/UFGT/ANR route the dihydroflavonol pool toward pigments and condensed tannins.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (17227)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits17227
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Archidium alternifolium
Raddia guianensis
Calliergon cordifolium
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Funaria hygrometrica
Buxbaumia aphylla
Homaliodendron scalpellifolium
Anthoceros punctatus
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
17227
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Arupctg000750_np121212120048870 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000750_np121212120048870
Arupctg000750_np121212120049460 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000750_np121212120049460
Arupctg000811_np121212120059300 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000811_np121212120059300
Arupctg000847_np121212120068870 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000847_np121212120068870
Arupctg000852_np121212120069220 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000852_np121212120069220
Arupctg000881_np121212120074250 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000881_np121212120074250
Arupctg000882_np121212120074810 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000882_np121212120074810
Arupctg000884_np121212120076690 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000884_np121212120076690
Arupctg000904_np121212120083370 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000904_np121212120083370
Arupctg000906_np121212120084660 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000906_np121212120084660
Arupctg000938_np121212120090340 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000938_np121212120090340
Arupctg000938_np121212120090360 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg000938_np121212120090360
Arupctg001034_np121212120103610 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001034_np121212120103610
Arupctg001063_np121212120107470 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001063_np121212120107470
Arupctg001063_np121212120107490 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001063_np121212120107490
Arupctg001105_np121212120111550 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001105_np121212120111550
Arupctg001105_np121212120111760 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001105_np121212120111760
Arupctg001110_np121212120113840 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001110_np121212120113840
Arupctg001112_np121212120114690 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001112_np121212120114690
Arupctg001168_np121212120119280 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001168_np121212120119280
Arupctg001173_np121212120120740 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001173_np121212120120740
Arupctg001176_np121212120121400 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001176_np121212120121400
Arupctg001185_np121212120122510 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001185_np121212120122510
Arupctg001269_np121212120131050 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001269_np121212120131050
Arupctg001274_np121212120131390 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001274_np121212120131390
Arupctg001284_np121212120134620 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001284_np121212120134620
Arupctg001285_np121212120134660 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001285_np121212120134660
Arupctg001285_np121212120134790 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001285_np121212120134790
Arupctg001285_np121212120135070 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001285_np121212120135070
Arupctg001286_np121212120136360 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001286_np121212120136360