PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL7015
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H432
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL25910
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT14877 C3'H/CYP98A10198 CSE29610 CCoAOMT6839
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR4440 CAD17134 F5H/CYP84A306 COMT22394
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC28156 POD122923
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (1002) Bryophytes (23287) Lycophytes/Ferns (1043) Gymnosperms (3685) Basal angiosperms (4979) Monocots (58985) Eudicots (197021)
Algae
Hits1002
Bryophytes
Hits23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits1043
Gymnosperms
Hits3685
Basal angiosperms
Hits4979
Monocots
Hits58985
Eudicots
Hits197021
Species Distribution
Triticum turgidum
Hordeum vulgare
Aegilops tauschii
Triticum aestivum
Prunus domestica
Diospyros kaki
Rhynchospora pubera
Papaver setigerum
Avena sativa
Fragaria ananassa
Lineage Summary
Algae
1002
Bryophytes
23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
1043
Gymnosperms
3685
Basal angiosperms
4979
Monocots
58985
Eudicots
197021
Module Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12046 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12046
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12051 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12051
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12055 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12055
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12290 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12290
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12295 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12295
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12297 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12297
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12298 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12298
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12299 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12299
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12302 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12302
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12303 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12303
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12315 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12315
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12316 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12316
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12335 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12335
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12612 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12612
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12847 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_12847
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13226 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13226
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13272 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13272
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13311 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13311
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13459 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13459
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13541 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13541
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13572 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13572
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13573 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13573
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13574 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13574
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13575 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13575
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13576 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13576
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13666 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13666
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13669 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13669
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13678 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13678
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13692 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13692
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13720 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_13720