PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL7015
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H432
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL25910
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT14877 C3'H/CYP98A10198 CSE29610 CCoAOMT6839
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR4440 CAD17134 F5H/CYP84A306 COMT22394
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC28156 POD122923
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Algae (1002) Bryophytes (23287) Lycophytes/Ferns (1043) Gymnosperms (3685) Basal angiosperms (4979) Monocots (58985) Eudicots (197021)
Algae
Hits1002
Bryophytes
Hits23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits1043
Gymnosperms
Hits3685
Basal angiosperms
Hits4979
Monocots
Hits58985
Eudicots
Hits197021
Species Distribution
Triticum turgidum
Hordeum vulgare
Aegilops tauschii
Triticum aestivum
Prunus domestica
Diospyros kaki
Rhynchospora pubera
Papaver setigerum
Avena sativa
Fragaria ananassa
Lineage Summary
Algae
1002
Bryophytes
23287
Lycophytes/Ferns
1043
Gymnosperms
3685
Basal angiosperms
4979
Monocots
58985
Eudicots
197021
Module Gene List
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15774 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15774
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15802 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15802
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15807 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15807
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15864 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15864
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15887 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_15887
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16259 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16259
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16262 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16262
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16263 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16263
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16299 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16299
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16337 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16337
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16365 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16365
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16366 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16366
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16590 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16590
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16700 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16700
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16716 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16716
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16720 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16720
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16735 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16735
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16897 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16897
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16940 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16940
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16946 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_16946
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17056 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17056
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17057 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17057
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17058 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17058
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17151 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17151
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17163 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17163
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17177 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17177
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17247 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17247
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17291 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17291
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17315 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17315
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17326 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_17326