PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
Current lineage filter: Monocots. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Lineage Summary
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_04954 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_04954
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05143 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05143
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05159 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05159
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05160 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05160
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05250 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05250
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05255 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05255
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05256 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05256
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05259 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05259
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05351 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05351
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05352 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05352
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05382 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05382
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05496 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05496
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05794 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05794
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05835 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05835
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05858 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05858
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05894 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05894
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05928 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05928
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05930 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_05930
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06029 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06029
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06183 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06183
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06227 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06227
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06264 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06264
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06304 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_06304
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07048 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07048
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07082 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07082
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07106 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07106
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07107 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07107
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07108 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07108
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07138 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07138
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07157 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07157