PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
Current lineage filter: Monocots. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Lineage Summary
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07158 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07158
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07165 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07165
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07234 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07234
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07249 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07249
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07329 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07329
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07336 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07336
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07341 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07341
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07353 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07353
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07388 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07388
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07475 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07475
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07559 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07559
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07762 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07762
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07842 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07842
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07844 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07844
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07845 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07845
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07849 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07849
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07850 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07850
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07853 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07853
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07891 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07891
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07984 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07984
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07985 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07985
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07986 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_07986
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08140 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08140
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08161 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08161
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08229 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08229
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08288 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08288
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08367 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08367
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08394 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08394
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08473 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08473
acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08610 acorus_gramineus acorus_gramineus_AGRA_08610