PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL1910
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H401
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL3434
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT1920 C3'H/CYP98A1929 CSE2414 CCoAOMT382
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR2707 CAD2978 F5H/CYP84A171 COMT1825
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC3730 POD14559
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (38360)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits38360
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Anthoceros punctatus
Buxbaumia aphylla
Calliergon cordifolium
Archidium alternifolium
Funaria hygrometrica
Andreaea rupestris
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
38360
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Arupctg001827_np121212120227600 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001827_np121212120227600
Arupctg001829_np121212120228900 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001829_np121212120228900
Arupctg001840_np121212120230240 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001840_np121212120230240
Arupctg001861_np121212120232350 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001861_np121212120232350
Arupctg001861_np121212120232460 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001861_np121212120232460
Arupctg001861_np121212120232840 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001861_np121212120232840
Arupctg001867_np121212120233680 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001867_np121212120233680
Arupctg001874_np121212120234760 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001874_np121212120234760
Arupctg001876_np121212120235760 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001876_np121212120235760
Arupctg001876_np121212120235770 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001876_np121212120235770
Arupctg001876_np121212120236010 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001876_np121212120236010
Arupctg001902_np121212120237650 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001902_np121212120237650
Arupctg001902_np121212120237730 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001902_np121212120237730
Arupctg001904_np121212120238090 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001904_np121212120238090
Arupctg001976_np121212120240840 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001976_np121212120240840
Arupctg001990_np121212120244860 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001990_np121212120244860
Arupctg002021_np121212120246800 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002021_np121212120246800
Arupctg002021_np121212120246860 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002021_np121212120246860
Arupctg002021_np121212120246890 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002021_np121212120246890
Arupctg002036_np121212120248700 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002036_np121212120248700
Arupctg002036_np121212120248710 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002036_np121212120248710
Arupctg002036_np121212120248720 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002036_np121212120248720
Arupctg002036_np121212120248730 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002036_np121212120248730
Arupctg002036_np121212120248740 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002036_np121212120248740
Arupctg002036_np121212120248750 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002036_np121212120248750
Arupctg002036_np121212120249120 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002036_np121212120249120
Arupctg002051_np121212120250920 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002051_np121212120250920
Arupctg002058_np121212120251600 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002058_np121212120251600
Arupctg002059_np121212120251730 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002059_np121212120251730
Arupctg002070_np121212120252610 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg002070_np121212120252610