PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL1910
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H401
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL3434
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT1920 C3'H/CYP98A1929 CSE2414 CCoAOMT382
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR2707 CAD2978 F5H/CYP84A171 COMT1825
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC3730 POD14559
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (38360)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits38360
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Anthoceros punctatus
Buxbaumia aphylla
Calliergon cordifolium
Archidium alternifolium
Funaria hygrometrica
Andreaea rupestris
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
38360
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Arupctg001638_np121212120196280 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196280
Arupctg001645_np121212120196790 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001645_np121212120196790
Arupctg001645_np121212120196820 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001645_np121212120196820
Arupctg001657_np121212120198880 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001657_np121212120198880
Arupctg001664_np121212120202150 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001664_np121212120202150
Arupctg001664_np121212120202290 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001664_np121212120202290
Arupctg001667_np121212120203600 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001667_np121212120203600
Arupctg001669_np121212120205360 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001669_np121212120205360
Arupctg001691_np121212120208260 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001691_np121212120208260
Arupctg001704_np121212120209210 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001704_np121212120209210
Arupctg001725_np121212120209450 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001725_np121212120209450
Arupctg001734_np121212120210860 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001734_np121212120210860
Arupctg001768_np121212120214450 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001768_np121212120214450
Arupctg001782_np121212120215370 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001782_np121212120215370
Arupctg001792_np121212120216340 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001792_np121212120216340
Arupctg001792_np121212120216390 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001792_np121212120216390
Arupctg001792_np121212120216400 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001792_np121212120216400
Arupctg001792_np121212120216450 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001792_np121212120216450
Arupctg001798_np121212120217080 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001798_np121212120217080
Arupctg001799_np121212120219650 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001799_np121212120219650
Arupctg001799_np121212120220830 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001799_np121212120220830
Arupctg001803_np121212120222690 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001803_np121212120222690
Arupctg001820_np121212120223970 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001820_np121212120223970
Arupctg001823_np121212120224250 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001823_np121212120224250
Arupctg001824_np121212120225080 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001824_np121212120225080
Arupctg001827_np121212120226990 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001827_np121212120226990
Arupctg001827_np121212120227120 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001827_np121212120227120
Arupctg001827_np121212120227130 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001827_np121212120227130
Arupctg001827_np121212120227150 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001827_np121212120227150
Arupctg001827_np121212120227560 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001827_np121212120227560