PlantSME Plant secondary metabolism enzyme database
Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Phenylpropanoid portable pathway

Category：Phenylpropanoid pathway

Phenylpropanoid pathway definition imported from the 2026-05-17 portable BLAST/HMM package.

Representative Phenylpropanoid Reaction Route
Entry backbone to monolignol/lignin branches. Substrates, products, and condensed structural formulae show representative conversions; resolved reactions are shown as single enzymes, whereas multi-enzyme branches are shown as curated modules. Member counts come from public annotations.
6 curated steps/modules
Entry Backbone And Lignin Direction
01
Substrate
L-Phenylalanine
C9H11NO2
C6H5-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH
Deamination to form the phenylpropene acid scaffold
PAL1910
Product
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
PAL commits the amino-acid substrate to phenylpropanoid metabolism.
02
Substrate
trans-Cinnamic acid
C9H8O2
C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
Para-hydroxylation of the aromatic ring
C4H401
Product
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
C4H/CYP73A introduces the 4-hydroxyl group for downstream CoA activation.
03
Substrate
p-Coumaric acid
C9H8O3
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-COOH
Substrate
CoA
C21H36N7O16P3S
CoA-SH
CoA ligation and activation
4CL3434
Product
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
4CL converts the free acid into a thioester used by condensation, acyltransfer, and reduction reactions.
04
Substrate
p-Coumaroyl-CoA
C30H38N7O18P3S
4-HO-C6H4-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Hydroxylation, acyl transfer, and methylation
HCT1920 C3'H/CYP98A1929 CSE2414 CCoAOMT382
Product
Feruloyl-CoA-type intermediates
C31H40N7O19P3S
3-MeO-4-HO-C6H3-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
This segment remodels the p-coumaroyl scaffold into caffeoyl/feruloyl-type intermediates.
05
Substrate
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA
C30-31 CoA thioesters
Ar-CH=CH-C(=O)-SCoA
Reduction and S/G monolignol formation
CCR2707 CAD2978 F5H/CYP84A171 COMT1825
Product
Coniferyl/sinapyl alcohol
C10H12O3 / C11H14O4
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
CCR/CAD and related steps route CoA thioesters toward monolignol monomers.
06
Substrate
Monolignols
C9-C11 phenylpropanoids
Ar-CH=CH-CH2OH
Oxidative coupling and polymerization
LAC3730 POD14559
Product
Lignin polymer
(C9 unit)n
[Ar-C3]n ether/C-C polymer
LAC/POD oxidatively couple monolignols into lignin polymers.
Lineage Distribution
Assignments under this module are distributed across the following plant lineages.
All Lineages Bryophytes (38360)
Current lineage filter: Bryophytes. All species, family, module, and gene statistics below have been narrowed to this lineage.
Algae
Hits0
Bryophytes
Hits38360
Lycophytes/Ferns
Hits0
Gymnosperms
Hits0
Basal angiosperms
Hits0
Monocots
Hits0
Eudicots
Hits0
Species Distribution
Bryum knowltonii
Anthoceros agrestis Oxford
Anthoceros punctatus
Buxbaumia aphylla
Calliergon cordifolium
Archidium alternifolium
Funaria hygrometrica
Andreaea rupestris
Acrobolbus urvilleanus
Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Lineage Summary
Bryophytes
38360
Module Gene List
Reset
GeneSpeciesProtein ID
Arupctg001490_np121212120173580 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001490_np121212120173580
Arupctg001492_np121212120174240 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001492_np121212120174240
Arupctg001493_np121212120174860 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001493_np121212120174860
Arupctg001494_np121212120175490 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001494_np121212120175490
Arupctg001519_np121212120176850 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001519_np121212120176850
Arupctg001524_np121212120179100 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001524_np121212120179100
Arupctg001562_np121212120183310 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001562_np121212120183310
Arupctg001584_np121212120184470 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001584_np121212120184470
Arupctg001584_np121212120184640 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001584_np121212120184640
Arupctg001584_np121212120184800 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001584_np121212120184800
Arupctg001592_np121212120186220 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001592_np121212120186220
Arupctg001593_np121212120187130 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001593_np121212120187130
Arupctg001603_np121212120188300 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001603_np121212120188300
Arupctg001603_np121212120188360 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001603_np121212120188360
Arupctg001615_np121212120189140 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001615_np121212120189140
Arupctg001617_np121212120191090 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001617_np121212120191090
Arupctg001620_np121212120191570 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001620_np121212120191570
Arupctg001625_np121212120191750 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001625_np121212120191750
Arupctg001625_np121212120191760 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001625_np121212120191760
Arupctg001630_np121212120192450 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001630_np121212120192450
Arupctg001632_np121212120192600 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001632_np121212120192600
Arupctg001632_np121212120192610 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001632_np121212120192610
Arupctg001637_np121212120194220 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001637_np121212120194220
Arupctg001637_np121212120194460 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001637_np121212120194460
Arupctg001638_np121212120196200 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196200
Arupctg001638_np121212120196210 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196210
Arupctg001638_np121212120196230 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196230
Arupctg001638_np121212120196240 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196240
Arupctg001638_np121212120196250 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196250
Arupctg001638_np121212120196270 andreaea_rupestris Arupctg001638_np121212120196270